بررسی اثر مالیات بر کربن بر کنترل آلودگی در بخش کشاورزی ایران (با اجرای قانون هدفمندی یارانه انرژی)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه تربیت مدرس- دانشکده کشاورزی

2 دانشگاه تربیت مدرس- دانشکده کشاورزی- تهران- ایران

چکیده

چکیده:
اهداف: پرداخت یارانه به حامل‌های انرژی سبب آلودگی‌های محیط‌زیستی می‌شود. بنابراین، بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر کنترل آلودگی در دوره هدفمندی یارانه‌های انرژی ضرورت دارد. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثر سیاست مالیات بر کربن بر کنترل آلودگی در بخش کشاورزی ایران است.
 
مواد و روش‌ها: برای دستیابی به این هدف، به برآورد تابع هزینه ترانسلوگ از طریق رگرسیون به ظاهر نامرتبط خطی ([1]SUR) برای دوره 1376 تا 1397 پرداخته شد. همچنین از طریق یک رویکرد مبتنی بر سناریو برای دوره 1389 تا 1397 اثر نرخ مالیات بر کنترل آلودگی بررسی شد. اطلاعات آماری مربوطه از بانک مرکزی، مرکز آمار ایران، وزارت نیرو و سازمان فائو جمع‌آوری شده است.
 
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که سیاست مالیات بر کربن برای ذخیره‌سازی انرژی و همچنین کنترل آلودگی در بخش کشاورزی سیاستی کارآمد است، به طوری که با اعمال سناریوهای مختلف نرخ مالیات بر کربن مشخص شد که اجرای این سیاست سبب صرفه‌جویی در مصرف انرژی با متوسط92/14 میلیون بشکه معادل نفت‌خام و کاهش انتشار گاز دی‌اکسید‌کربن با متوسط 87/3 میلیون تن در دوره هدفمندی یارانه انرژی خواهد شد.
 
نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به نتایج حاصله، به منظور توسعه فنآوری‌های جدید و رشد پایدار تولید برای دستیابی به اهداف صرفه‌جویی در مصرف انرژی و کاهش انتشار گاز دی‌اکسید‌کربن تسریع در اصلاحات قیمت‌گذاری با اجرای سیاست افزایش مالیات بر کربن پیشنهاد می‌گردد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the effect of Carbon Tax on Pollution Control in Iran's Agricultural Sector (with the implementation of the Energy Subsidy Targeting Law)

نویسندگان [English]

  • fatemeh taei 1
  • Sadegh Khalilian 2
1 Tarbiat Modares University - Faculty of Agriculture
2 Tarbiat Modares University, Faculty of Agriculture, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Background and Objective: Paying subsidies to energy carriers causes environmental pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the effective factors on pollution control during the targeted period of energy subsidies. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of applying the carbon tax policy on pollution control in Iran's agricultural sector.
 
Materials and Methods: To achieve this goal, the translog cost function was estimated through seemingly unrelated linear regression (SUR) for the period 1997 to 2018. Also, through a scenario-based approach, the effect of tax rate on pollution control was investigated for the period 2010 to 2018. Relevant statistical information has been collected from Central Bank, Iran Statistics Center, Ministry of Energy and FAO Organization.
 
Results: The results showed that the carbon tax policy in the agricultural sector is an efficient policy for energy storage and pollution control in the agricultural sector, so that by applying different scenarios of the carbon tax rate, it was found that the implementation of this policy saves energy consumption with an average of 92. 14 million barrels will be equivalent to crude oil and the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions will be an average of 87.3 million tons.
 
Conclusion: According to the results, in order to develop new technologies and sustainable growth of production to achieve the goals of saving energy consumption and reducing carbon dioxide emissions, it is suggested to accelerate pricing reforms by implementing the policy of increasing the carbon tax.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Carbon Tax
  • Energy Consumption
  • Agriculture
  • Pollution Control
  • Targeted Energy Subsidie

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 34، شماره 4
دی 1403
صفحه 311-331

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