تاثیر تغذیه فسفر، آهن و روی بر شاخص‌های رشدی و عملکردی چای ترش در یک خاک آهکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اردکان، اردکان، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اردکان، اردکان، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اردکان، اردکان، ایران.

4 دانشیار گروه علوم باغبانی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه اردکان، اردکان، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف: آهکی بودن خاک‌ها و بالا بودن بیکربنات آب‌ آبیاری، فراهمی عناصر غذایی به ویژه فسفر، آهن و روی برای گیاه را کاهش می‌دهد. به همین منظور مطالعه‌ای با هدف ارزیابی سطوح مختلف کود فسفر، کلات آهن و روی بر پارامترهای رشدی و عملکردی چای ترش در یک خاک آهکی صورت گرفت.
 مواد و روش‌ها: این مطالعه به صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1400 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه اردکان انجام شد. تیمارها شامل سه سطح کود سوپر فسفات تریپل  (0، 75 و 150 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و سه سطح کلات آهن و روی (0، 2 و 4 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بود.
 
یافته‌‌ها: مقایسه میانگین داده‌ها نشان داد که کاربرد kg/ha 4 کلات آهن و روی، کلروفیل a، b و کل را نسبت به تیمار شاهد و kg/ha 2 کلات آهن و روی، به طور معنی‌داری افزایش داد. تیمار kg/ha 150 سوپرفسفات‌تریپل، کلروفیل a، b و کل را نسبت به تیمار شاهد و kg/ha 75 سوپرفسفات‌تریپل به طور معنی‌داری افزایش داد. تیمارهای 75 و kg/ha 150 سوپرفسفات‌تریپل، وزن خشک کاسبرگ را نسبت به شاهد به طور معنی‌داری افزایش داد (به ترتیب 2/39 و 7/49 درصد افزایش). نتایج نشان داد کاربرد همزمان kg/ha 150 سوپرفسفات‌تریپل با 2 و kg/ha 4 کلات آهن و روی، وزن خشک اندام هوایی را نسبت به شاهد به طور معنی‌داری افزایش داد. تمام تیمارهای کاربرد همزمان کود فسفر و کلات آهن و روی، ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی و فنول کل را نسبت به تیمار شاهد به طور معنی‌داری افزایش دادند.
 
نتیجه گیری: کاربرد همزمان کود سوپرفسفات‌تریپل و کلات آهن و روی، نسبت به کاربرد مجزای آن‌ها تاثیر مثبتی بر شاخص‌های رشدی و عملکردی چای ترش داشت. به نظر می‌رسد که کاربرد kg/ha 150 سوپرفسفات‌تریپل به همراه kg/ha 2 کلات آهن و روی، بتواند شاخص‌های عملکردی چای ترش را در شرایطی که خاک‌ آهکی بوده و محتوای بیکربنات آب آبیاری بالا باشد به طور معنی‌داری افزایش دهد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Phosphorus, Iron and Zinc Nutrition on Growth and Yield Indices of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. in a Calcareous Soil

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Hasan Kargar shouroki 1
  • Mostafa Shirmardi 2
  • Heidar Meftahizadeh 3
  • Jalal Gholamnezhad 4
1 M.Sc. Graduate, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran.
4 Associate professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Ardakan University, P.O. Box 184, Ardakan
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: Calcareous soils and irrigation water with high bicarbonate reduce the availability of nutrients, especially phosphorus, iron and zinc for the plant. For this purpose, study was conducted to investigate different levels of phosphorus, iron and zinc fertilizers on the growth and yield parameters of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) in a calcareous soil.
 
Materials and Methods: A factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design was conducted with three replications in 2021 in the research farm of medicinal plants of Ardakan University. The treatments included three levels of triple superphosphate fertilizer (0, 75, and 150 kg/ha) and three levels of iron and zinc chelate (0, 2, and 4 kg/ha).
 
Results: Comparison of means showed that the application of 4 kg/ha iron and zinc chelate significantly increased chlorophyll a, b and total compared to the control and 2 kg/ha iron and zinc chelate treatments. Application of 150 kg/ha of triple superphosphate significantly increased chlorophyll a, b and total compared to control and 75 kg/ha triple superphosphate treatments. 75 and 150 kg/ha Triple superphosphate treatments significantly increased sepal dry weight compared to the control (39.2% and 49.7% increase, respectively). The results showed that the simultaneous application of 150 kg/ha triple superphosphate with 2 and 4 kg/ha iron and zinc chelates significantly increased the dry weight of the shoot compared to the control. All treatments of simultaneous application of phosphorus fertilizer and iron and zinc chelate significantly increased the antioxidant capacity and total phenol compared to the control treatment.
 
Conclusion: The simultaneous application of triple superphosphate fertilizer and iron and zinc chelate has a positive effect on the growth and yield parameters of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. compared to their separate application. It seems that the application of 150 kg/ha of triple superphosphate with 2 kg/ha of iron and zinc chelate can improve yield parameters significantly in calcareous soil that the bicarbonate content of irrigation water is high.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant Capacity
  • Availability of Elements
  • Essential Elements
  • Nutrition
  • Phytochemical Properties

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 35، شماره 1
اردیبهشت 1404
صفحه 113-127

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