تدوین برنامه ‌زراعی پایدار جهت کاهش گازهای گلخانه‌ای و آلاینده های محیط زیست در حوضه آبریز سیستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان،دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد،زاهدان

2 گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان

3 گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

چکیده

اهداف: بخش کشاورزی منبع مهم انتشار گازهای گلخانه­ای است. در سال های اخیر افزایش مصرف انرژی نهاده­های کشاورزی منجر به افزایش انرژی مصرفی و انتشار گازهای گلخانه­ای CO2 شده است. از این رو بهینه سازی انرژی مصرفی و در نتیجه کاهش آلاینده­های محیط­زیستی در قالب در نظر گرفتن پیوند آب-انرژی-غذا در یک چرخه کشاورزی می­تواند از اهمیت ویژه­ای برخوردار باشد.هدف این مطالعه تدوین برنامه‌ زراعی پایدار جهت کاهش گازهای گلخانه­ای و آلاینده­های محیط­زیست در حوضه آبریز سیستان هست.
 
مواد و روش­ها: این مقاله در محدوده مطالعاتی دشت سیستان با استفاده از یک مدل برنامه ریزی چند هدفه غیر­خطی به تعیین میزان مصرف انرژی نهاده­های کشاورزی و انتشار گازهای گلخانه­ای CO2 جهت حفاظت از کشاورزی پایدار پرداخته است. روش حل و کدنویسی مدل با استفاده از نرم افزار GAMS انجام شده است.
 
یافته­ها: نتایج مدل پیشنهادی نشان داد که با اجرای پیوند WEFN علاوه بر کاهش میزان مصزف انرژی نهاده­ها به میزان 25/0 درصد میزان انتشارگازهای گلخانه­ای (CO2) در کل حوضه مورد بررسی به مقدار 49/0 درصد کاهش یافته است.
 
نتیجه­گیری: در رویکرد تک­بعدی به دلیل عدم انسجام سیاسی و پایین بودن بهره­وری در استفاده از منابع، باعث پررنگ­تر شدن رویکرد پیوند شده است. رویکرد پیوند  WEFN می­تواند امنیت همه جانبه منابع آب- انرژی و غذا را که توأم با دسترسی پایدار و عادلانه منابع است را ارتقا بخشد. بنابراین بایستی یک برنامه­ریزی جامع در راستای توسعه پایدار کشاورزی صورت گیرد، تا با تغییر ساختار الگوی کشت حوضه در جهت کاهش آلاینده­های محیط­زیستی اقداماتی کارشناسانه صورت گیرد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Developing a Sustainable Agricultural Planning to Reduce Greenhouse Gases and Environmental Pollutants in the Sistan Watershed

نویسندگان [English]

  • hossein badih barzin 1
  • seyedmahdi Hoseyni 2
  • Mahmood Hashemitabar 2
  • Mostafa Mardani Najafabadi 3
1 PhD student in Agricultural Economics, University of Sistan and Baluchistan, Faculty of Management and Economics, Zahedan
2 Agricultural Economics Dept, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
3 Agricultural Economics, Dept, of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Rural Development, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Background & Objective: The agricultural sector is an important source of CO2 emission. In recent years, the increase in energy consumption of agricultural inputs has led to an increase in energy consumption and the CO2 emission Therefore, optimizing energy consumption and thus reducing environmental pollutants in the form of considering water-energy and food nexues (WEFN) in an agricultural cycle can be of special importance. The goal of this study is to develop a sustainable agricultural program to reduce CO2 emission and environmental pollutants in the Sistan watershed.
 
Materials & Methods: This study has determined the amount of energy consumption of agricultural inputs and the CO2 emission in order to protect sustainable agriculture using a non-linear multi-objective planning model. The model is coded using GAMS software.
 
Results: The results of the proposed model showed that with the implementation of the WEFN nexues, in addition to reducing the energy consumption of inputs by 0.25%, the amount of CO2 emission in the entire studied basin has decreased to 0.49%.
 
Conclusion: In the one-dimensional approach, due to the lack of political coherence and low productivity in the use of resources, nexus approach has become more prominent. The nexus approach can promote the comprehensive security of water, energy and food resources, which is combined with sustainable and equitable access to resources. Therefore, a comprehensive planning should be done in line with the sustainable development of agriculture, so that expert measures can be taken by changing the structure of the basin's cultivation pattern in order to reduce environmental pollutants.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agricultural Program
  • Water-Energy-Food Nexus
  • Sustainable Agriculture
  • Sistan Plain

مراجع

Ahani E, Ziaee S, Mohammadi H, Mardani Najafabadi M and Mirzaei A. 2023. Presenting the Structure of a Multi-Objective Mathematical Programming Model with Water-Food-Energy Nexus Approach for Crop Production. Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, 37: 83-102. (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22067/jead.2022.77691.1147
Chai J, Shi H, Lu Q and Hu Y. 2020. Quantifying and predicting the Water-Energy-Food-Economy-Society-Environment Nexus based on Bayesian networks - A case study of China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 120: 256-266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120266
Ghafarimoghadam Z, Moradi E, hashemi tabar M and Sardar Shahraki A. 2021. An Analysis of the Water Crisis under Different Scenarios in the Agriculture Sector of Sistan Region: The Approach of Future Studies. Journal of Water Research in Agriculture, 35(2), pp. 201-216. (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22092/jwra.2021.354315.864
Ghorbani R, Mondani F, Amirmoradi S. H, Feizi H, Khorramdel S. Teimouri M, Sanjani S, Anvarkhah S and Aghel H. 2011. A case study of energy use and economical analysis of irrigated and dry-land wheat production systems, Applied Energy, 88:283–288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.04.028
Anonymous. 2018.  Agriculture Jahad Organization of Sistan and Baluchistan Province, Unpublished final results of annual statistics.
Jadidi M.R. Homayounifar M, Sabouhi Sabuni M and Kheradmand V. 2011. Determination of Energy Use Efficiency and Productivity in Tomato Production. Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, 24: 30-44. (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22067/jead2.v1389i3.7734
Karabulut A.A, Crenna E, Sala S and Udias A. 2018. A proposal for integration of the ecosystem-water-food-land-energy (EWFLE) nexus concept into life cycle assessment: A synthesis matrix system for food security. Journal of Cleaner Production, 172: 3874-3889. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.05.092
Karamian F, Mirakzadeh A and Azari A. 2023. Application of multi-objective genetic algorithm for optimal combination of resources to achieve sustainable agriculture based on the water-energy-food nexus framework. Science of the Total Environment, 16: 860, 880. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160419
Khoshnevisan B, Rafiee S, Omid M and Mousazadeh H. 2013. Reduction of CO2 emission by improving energy use efficiency ofgreenhouse cucumber production using DEA approach. Energy, 55: 676-682. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2013.04.021
Lal R. 2007. World soils and global issues. Soil & tillage research, 97(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2007.04.002
Li M, Fu Q, Singh V. P, Ji Y, Liu D, Zhang C and Li T. 2019. An optimal modelling approach for managing agricultural water-Tenergy-food nexus under uncertainty. Science of the Total Environment, 651(2019)1416-1434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.291
Mardani Najafabadi M, Ziaee S, Nikouei A and Borazjani, MA. 2019. Mathematical programming model (MMP) for optimization of regional cropping patterns decisions: A case study. Agricultural Systems, 173: 218-232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2019.02.006
Mardani Najafabadi M and Ashktorab N. 2022. Mathematical programming approaches for modeling a sustainable cropping pattern under uncertainty: a case study in Southern Iran. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 16:95-104. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-022-02458-5
Mirzaei A, Ashktorab N and Noshad M. 2023. Evaluation of the policy options to adopt a water-energy-food nexus pattern by farmers: Application of optimization and agent-based models. Front. Environ. Sci, 11:113-132. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2023.1139565
Monem M.J, Hosseini S.M and Delawer M. 2019. Application and evaluation of water, food and energy link (Nexus) in the management of irrigation networks, a case study of Zayandeh Roud irrigation network. Iranian Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, 14(1), 275-285. (In Persian). https://dor.isc.ac/dor/20.1001.1.20087942.1399.14.1.24.7
Mousavi-Avval S.H, Rafiee S, Jafari A and Mohammadi A. 2011. Improving energy useefficiency of canola production using dataenvelopment analysis (DEA) approach. Energy, 36: 2765-2772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2011.02.016
Nawaz A, Lal R, Shrestha K and Farooq M. 2017. Mulching Affects Soil Properties and Greenhouse Gas Emissions under Long‐Term No‐Till and Plough‐Till Systems in Alfisol ofCentral Ohio. Land Degradation & Development, 28(2): 673-681. https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2553
Omri A. 2013. CO2 Emissions, Energy Consumption and Economic Growth Nexus in MENA Countries: Evidence from Simultaneous Equations Model. Energy Economics, 40: 657–664. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2013.09.003
Patil S.L, Mishra P.K, Loganandhan N, Ramesha M.N and Math S.K.N. 2014. Energy, economics, and water use efficiency of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars in Vertisols ofsemi-arid tropics, India. Mechanics Research Communications, 107, 656-664. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24103539
Pishgar-Komleh S.H, Keyhani A, Mostofi-Sarkari, M.R and Jafari A. 2012. Energy and economic analysis of different seed cornharvesting systems in Iran. Energy, 43: 469-476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2012.03.040
Radmehr R, Ghorbani M and Ziaei N. 2021. Quantifying and managing the water-energy-food nexus in dry regions food insecurity: New methods and evidence. Agric. Water Manag, 245, 288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106588
Regina K and Alakukku L. 2010. Greenhouse gas fluxes in varying soils types under conventional and no-tillage practices. Soil and Tillage Research, 109(2): 144-152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2010.05.009
Safai V, Pourmohamed Y and Davari K. 2019. The interconnected approach of water, energy and food in water resources management (case study: Mashhad area), Iranian Irrigation and Drainage Journal, No. 5, Volume 14, p. 1708-1721. (In Persian). https://dor.isc.ac/dor/20.1001.1.20087942.1399.14.5.18.9
Sardarshahraki A. 2015. Optimum allocation of water resources in the Hirmand watershed using game theory and evaluation of management scenarios, PhD thesis in Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Management and Economics, University of Sistan and Baluchistan, Zahedan. (In Persian).
Tian H, Lu C, Pan S, Yang J, Miao R, Ren W, Yu Q, Fu B, Jin F, Lu Y, Melillo J, Ouyang Z, Palm C and Reilly J. 2018. Optimizing resource use efficiencies in the food-energy-water nexus for sustainable agriculture: from conceptual model to decision support system. Curr. Opin. Environ. Sustain, 33: p. 104–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2018.04.003
Tzilivakis J, Warner D.J, May M, Lewis K.A and Jaggard K. 2005. An assessment of the energyinputs and greenhouse gas emissions in sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris) production in the Ukrain. Agricultural Systems, 85: p. 101–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2004.07.015
Zhang X and Vesselinov V. V. (2017). Integrated modeling approach for optimal management of water, energy and food security nexus. Advances in Water Resources, 101: p. 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2016.12.017
دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 35، شماره 1
اردیبهشت 1404
صفحه 283-302

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار