اثر محلول پاشی عصاره جلبک دریایی بر رشد، عملکرد و کیفیت سورگوم علوفه ای (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان

2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف: عصاره‌های جلبک دریایی به‌عنوان محرک‌های زیستی طبیعی، رشد و عملکرد گیاه را بهبود می‌بخشند. بهینه‌سازی رشد، عملکرد و کیفیت سورگوم علوفه‌ای (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) نقش مهمی در تغذیه دام و تولید پایدار علوفه دارد. با این حال، مطالعات محدودی اثر محلول‌پاشی عصاره جلبک دریایی را بر سورگوم، به‌ویژه در رقم اسپیدفید، بررسی کرده‌اند. این پژوهش با هدف ارزیابی تأثیر غلظت‌های مختلف عصاره جلبک دریایی بر شاخص‌های رشد، عملکرد و کیفیت علوفه سورگوم انجام شد تا بهترین میزان مصرف برای بهبود عملکرد و بهره‌وری منابع شناسایی شود.
 
مواد و روش­ها: آزمایش در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با پنج تیمار (محلول پاشی با آب (شاهد) و غلظت‌های 5/0، 1، 5/1 و 2 لیتر در هکتار عصاره جلبک دریایی) و سه تکرار اجرا شد. شاخص سطح برگ، سرعت رشد محصول، سرعت جذب خالص، عملکرد علوفه‌تر و خشک و صفات کیفی (قابلیت هضم علوفه، پروتئین، فیبر خام، کربوهیدرات، فیبر محلول در شوینده اسیدی و خنثی) اندازه گیری و ارزیابی شدند.
 
یافته­ها: اثر محلول‌پاشی عصاره جلبک دریایی بر شاخص سطح برگ، سرعت رشد محصول، سرعت جذب خالص و عملکرد کمی و کیفی سورگوم معنی‌‌داری شد. در اکثر صفات مورد بررسی بین غلظت‌های 5/1 و 2 لیتر در هکتار عصاره جلبک دریایی اختلاف معنی‌داری دیده نشد. به‌طوری که بیشترین میزان شاخص‌های رشد، عملکرد خشک کل، درصد پروتیین و کمترین میزان فیبر خام از کاربرد 5/1 لیتر در هکتار عصاره جلبک دریایی حاصل شد. کمترین میزان این ویژگی‌‌ها و بیشترین میزان فیبر خام نیز از تیمار شاهد به‌دست آمد.
 
نتیجه گیری: به‌طور کلی کاربرد عصاره جلبک دریایی،  رشد سورگوم را افزایش داد. به‌طوری که تیمار برتر (5/1 لیتر در هکتار عصاره جلبک دریایی) در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد، شاخص سطح برگ، سرعت رشد محصول و عملکرد کل سورکوم را به‌ترتیب 32، 71/26 و 56/20 درصد افزایش داد و آن را به موثرترین گزینه تبدیل کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Foliar Application of Seaweed Extract on Growth, Yield and Quality of Forage Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Reza Bahiraei 1
  • Javad Hamzei 2
  • Mohammad Ali Abotalebian 2
1 Department of Crop Production and , Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University
2 Dept. of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Backgraound and Objective: Seaweed extracts serve as natural bio-stimulants, enhancing plant growth and productivity due to their rich composition of nutrients and bioactive compounds. Optimizing growth, yield, and quality in forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is crucial for improving livestock nutrition and sustainable fodder production. However, studies on foliar application of seaweed extract in sorghum, particularly in the speedfeed cultivar, remain limited. This study aimed to assess the effects of different concentrations of seaweed extract on sorghum growth indices, yield, and fodder quality to identify the optimal application rate for maximizing performance and resource efficiency.
 
Matherials and Methods: This experiment was conducted in a randomized complete blocks design with five treatments and three replications. Treatments included foliar application of water (control) and 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 L/ha of seaweed extract. Leaf area index, crop growth rate, net assimilation rate, fresh and dry fodder yield and fodder quality (digestibility, protein percentage, crude fiber percentage, and carbohydrate) were measured and evaluated.
 
Results: The effect of seaweed extract foliar application on leaf area index, crop growth rate, net absorption rate and quantitative and qualitative yield of sorghum was significant. There was no significant difference between the concentrations of 1.5 and 2 L/ha of seaweed extract in most of the investigated traits. So that the highest amount of growth indices, total dry yield, protein percentage and the lowest amount of crude fiber were obtained from the application of 1.5 L/ha of seaweed extract. The lowest amount of these characteristics and the highest amount of crude fiber were obtained from the control treatment.
 
Conclusion: Overall, the application of seaweed extract improved the growth of sorghum fodder. The optimal treatment (1.5 L/ha of seaweed extract) boosted the leaf area index, crop growth rate, and total yield of sorghum by 32%, 26.71%, and 20.56% respectively compared to the control treatment, making it the most effective option.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ash
  • Digestibility
  • Fiber
  • Organic Manure
  • Protein
  • Soluble Sugars

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 35، شماره 1
اردیبهشت 1404
صفحه 83-96

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