ارزیابی عملکرد و سودمندی کشت مخلوط ذرت (Zea mays L.) و ریحان (Ocimum basilicum L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده کشاورزی- دانشگاه تبریز

2 گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی- دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر کشت مخلوط افزایشی بر عملکرد دانه ذرت و ریحان، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار و 9 تیمار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز در سال 1394 اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل کشت خالص ذرت و دو رقم مبارکه و ایتالیایی ریحان و شش ترکیب کشت مخلوط افزایشی با نسبت­های 50، 75 و 100 درصد برای هر دو رقم مبارکه و ایتالیایی ریحان که به ذرت افزوده شده بود. براساس نتایج بدست آمده اثر الگوی کشت مخلوط بر شاخص سطح برگ، ارتفاع و تعداد برگ ذرت معنی­دار و بر عملکرد دانه ذرت در واحد سطح غیر معنی­دار بود.  همچنین تاثیر آن بر عملکرد ریحان معنی­دار بود. بوته­های ذرت بیشترین شاخص سطح برگ را در کشت مخلوط داشتند ولی بیشترین ارتفاع وتعداد برگ از تیمار کشت خالص ذرت بدست آمد. بیشترین عملکرد دانه ریحان مربوط به تیمار خالص رقم مبارکه به میزان 52/749 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود. همچنین در همه تیمارها نسبت برابری زمین و مجموع ارزش نسبی بیشتر از یک بود که این امر نشانگر سودمندی کشت مخلوط است. بر اساس این نتایج کشت­های مخلوط نسبت به کشت خالص ذرت درآمد ناخالص بیشتری تولید کردند و در مجموع سیستم کشت 75 درصد رقم ایتالیایی همراه با ذرت بعنوان بهترین روش کشت مخلوط قابل توصیه است.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Yield and Advantages of Corn (Zea mays L.) and Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Intercropping

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamed Mabudi Bilesuar 1
  • Saeid Zehtab Salmasi 2
چکیده [English]

     In order to study the effects of additive intercropping on grain yield of corn and sweet basil, an experiment was carried out with 9 treatments and 3 replications at the experimental Farm of Faculty of Agriculture of University of Tabriz in 2015. Treatments were sole cropping of corn and two basil cultivars (Mobarake and Italian Large Leaf) and six additive intercropping of %50, %75 and %100 of two basil cultivars + 100%corn. The results of analysis of variance showed that leaf area index, height and number of leaf was significant and corn grain yield was not affected by cropping pattern, however, the effect of cropping pattern was significant on basil cultivars grain yield. Corn plants had highest LAI in intercropping treatments but the maximum height and number of leaf were obtained from sole cropping treatment. The highest grain yield of basil (749.52 kg. ha-1) was obtained from Mobarake cultivar. Also, land equivalent ratio was higher than one in all intercropping patterns shows the advantages of intercropping of these two crops. The results showed that intercropping had higher gross income compare with corn sole cropping and adding %75 of Italian  Large Leaf cultivar to corn was the best pattern.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Corn
  • Grain Yield
  • Intercropping
  • Land Equivalent Ratio
  • Sweet Basil
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