ارزیابی ویژگی‌های کمی و کیفی ارقام عدس (Lens culinaris L.) در تاریخ‌های کشت مختلف تحت شرایط دیم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه کشاورزی (زراعت)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد زاهدان

چکیده

اثر تاریخ­های مختلف کاشت بر ویژگی­های کمی و کیفی سه رقم عدس در شرایط دیم با آزمایش اسپلیت پلات بر پایه طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در دو سال زراعی 1394 و 1395 در کرج ارزیابی شد. تاریخ کاشت در سه زمان مختلف شامل 15 آبان، 15 دی و 25 اسفند (به­عنوان کشت بهاره و شاهد) هر دو سال به­عنوان سطوح فاکتور اصلی و سه رقم عدس شامل بیله­سوار، کیمیا و سیمره نیز سطوح فاکتور فرعی بودند. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که اثر سال بر ویژگی­های آزمایشی عدس معنی­دار نبود اما، تمام صفات مورد ارزیابی شامل تعداد دانه در بوته، وزن هزاردانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک و دانه، تعداد و وزن گره ریشه و درصد و عملکرد پروتئین به جز درصد بقاء زمستانه تحت تاثیر تاریخ کاشت قرار گرفتند. بیشترین میزان عملکرد بیولوژیک، دانه و پروتئین (به­ترتیب 1/382، 6/132 و 9/37 گرم در متر مربع) به تیمار تاریخ کاشت اول (15 آبان) و کمترین مقدار این ویژگی­ها (به­ترتیب 6/253، 2/73 و 8/24 گرم در متر مربع) به تیمار تاریخ کشت آخر (25 اسفند) تعلق گرفت. آخرین تیمار تاریخ کاشت (25 اسفند) در مقایسه با اولین تاریخ کاشت (15 آبان) عملکرد بیولوژیک و دانه را به ترتیب حدود 33 و 44 درصد کاهش داد. بیشترین مقدار صفات تعداد دانه در بوته، وزن هزار دانه و تعداد و وزن گره نیز در تاریخ کاشت اول بدست آمد که این مقادیر بطور معنی­داری بیشتر از سایر تاریخ­های کاشت بودند. همچنین، نتایج نشان داد که اثر رقم نیز بر عملکرد دانه و پروتئین معنی­دار است. بیشترین عملکرد دانه و پروتئین در رقم بیله­سوار ثبت شد. در مجموع و با توجه به این یافته­ها کشت پاییزه و رقم بیله سوار سودمندی بسیار بالایی در میزان عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد عدس داشتند.
 

 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Quality Properties of Lentil Cultivars (Lens culinaris L.) in Different Sowing Dates Under Rainfed Condition

نویسنده [English]

  • A Mehraban
چکیده [English]

The effect of different sowing dates on quantity and quality properties of three lentil cultivars under rainfed condition, was studied by split plot experiment based o randomized complete block design in Karaj during growing seasons of 2014-2015 and 2015-2016. Sowing dates in three times, including 6 November, 5 January and 15 March (as spring sowing and control) of both years were the levels of main plot, and three lentil cultivar, including Bilesavar, Kimya and Seymereh were subplot. Results showed that the effect of year on lentil experimental properties was not significant, but the all of the evaluated traits, grain per plant, 1000 seed  weight, biological yield, grain yield, number and weight of root nod and protein percentage and yield were affected by sowing dates significantly, except the winter survival percentage. The highest rates of biological, grain and protein yield (3821, 132. 6 and 37.9 g.m-2, respectively) and the lowest one (253.6, 73.2 and 24.8 g.m-2, respectively) was achieved at the first sowing date (6 November) and the last sowing date one (15 March), respectively. The last sowing date in comparison to the first sowing date showed almost 33 and 44 percent decreases in biological and grain yield, respectively. Maximum number of grain per plant, 1000 seed weight, nod number, and nod weight was obtained at the first sowing date that these values were significantly more than other sowing dates. As the results showed that cultivars had significant effects on grain and protein yields. The highest grain and protein yield was recorded at Bilesavar cultivar. Totally, by considering these findings, autumn sowing and Bilesavar cultivar were highly beneficial in lentil yield and component yield.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biological Yield
  • Cultivar
  • Grain Yield
  • Sowing Date
  • Rainfed
  • Yield Components

مراجع

Abasi Soraki A, Majnon Hoseini N and Yazdi Samadi B. 2005. Evaluation of lentil genotypes yield potential at expectant cultures and spring cultures in Karaj condition. Iran Agriculture Science, 37(3): 403-411. (In Persian).
Aranjuelo I, José Irigoyen J, Nogués S and Sánchez-Díaz A. 2009. Elevated CO2 and water-availability effect on gas exchange and nodule development in N2-fixing alfalfa plants. Environment Experimental Botany, 65: 18–26.
Azimi N, Seifzadeh S and Shiranirad A. 2014. Effect of N and P fertilizer on some growth and agronomic of lentil in drylan condition and expectant cultures. Second national conference on applied research in agricultural science. Tehran, Tehran University. (In Persian).
Fateh H, Siosemardeh A and Karimpoor M. 2011. Effects of Seed Priming and Sowing Date on Antioxidant Enzymes Activity and Yield of Chickpea under Dry land Condition. Plant Production Technology, 2(2): 1-16. (In Persian).
Hamzei J and Seyedi M. 2012. Response of Three Chickpea Cultivars to Different Sowing Dates under Rainfed Conditions in Hamedan Region. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Production Science, 22(4.1): 83-94. (In Persian).
Hamzei J, Seyedi M.and Babaei M. 2016. Competitive Ability of Lentil Cultivars to Weed Interference under Rain-fed Conditions. Journal of Agroecology, 8(1): 82-94. (In Persian).
ICARDA. 2001. ICARDA Annual Report 2000. International Center for Agri. Res. in the Dry Areas, Aleppo, Syria, 114 pp.
Kandel H, Ashley R and McPhee K. 2013. Growing Lentil in North Dakota. NDSU, Fargo. 36 pp.
Khamadi N, Nezami A and Bagheri1 A. 2011. Evaluation of yield and component yield of cold tolerant lentil genotypes (Lens culinaris Medik.) in fall planting under supplementary irrigation in Mashhad. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 9(4): 557-565. (In Persian).
Lopez-Bellido FJ. Lopez-Bellido J, Kasem Khalil S and Lopez-Bellido L. 2008. Effect of planting date on winter kabuli chickpea growth and yield under rainfed Mediterranean conditions. Agronomy Journal 100(4): 954- 964.
Magomya AM, Kubmarawa D, Ndahi JA and Yebpella GG. 2014. Determination of Plant Proteins via the Kjeldahl Method and Amino Acid Analysis: A Comparative Study”. International Journal Science Technology Research, 3 (4): 68-72.
Merlo C, Reynab L, Abrila A, Valeria Améb M and Genti-Raimondi S. 2014. Environmental factors associated with heterotrophic nitrogen-fixing bacteria in water, sediment, and riparian soil of Suquía River. Limnologica - Ecology Managment Inland Water, 48: 71–79.
Mohammed A, Tana T, Singh P, Korecha D and Molla A. 2016. Management Options for Rainfed Chickpea in Northeast Ethiopia under Climate Change Condition. Climate Risk Management, 97: 1-27.
Momeni R., Babaeian Jelodar N and Bagheri N. 2011. Evaluation of Effect of Gamma Rays Irradiation for Increasing of Variation in Germination and Agronomic Traits in Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 9(3): 322-330. (In Persian).
Mousavi SK and Pezeshkpoor P. 2006. Evaluation of Kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars response to sowing date. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 4(1):141-154. (In Persian).
Mousavi SK, Pezeshkpoor P and Shahverdi M. 2005. Evaluation of sowing date and chickpea genotype on weed interference. First national congress of Pulses. Mashhad, 20-21 November. (In Persian).
Mousavi SK, Shahverdi M and Ahmadi A. 2005. Autumn-winter culture an effective method for escape from drought in sub-tropical dryland areas. First national congress of Pulses. Mashhad, 20-21 November. (In Persian).
Mousavi SK and Pezeshkpour P. 2006. Evaluation of Kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars response to sowing date. Iranian Field Crop Research, 4: 141-154. (In Persian).
Mousavi SK, Ahmadi A and Ghorbani R. 2009. Evaluation the effects of sowing date and plant population on morphological characteristics and yield of chickpea and its weed population under dryland condition of Lorestan province. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 7(1):241-255. (In Persian).
Mousavi SK and Ahmadi A. 2009. Response of chickpea yield and yield components to sowing date, seed rate and weed interference at Lorestan province dry land condition. Journal of plant protection. 23(2): 1-13. (In Persian).
Oweis T, Hachum J and Pala M. 2004a. Water use efficiency of winter-sown chickpea under supplemental irrigation in a Mediterranean environment. Agricultural Water Management 66 (2): 163-179.
Oweis T, Hachum J and Pala M. 2004b. Lentil production under supplemental irrigation in a Mediterranean environment. Agricultural Water Management, 68 (3): 251-265.
Ozdemir S and Karadavut U. 2003. Comparison of the performance of autumn and spring sowing of chickpea in a temperate region. Turkish Journal of Agricalture, 27: 345- 352.
Parsa M and Bagheri A. 2013. Pulses. Publications by Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. (In Persian).
Rezvani Moghadam Pand Sadeghi Samarjan R. 2008. Effect of sowing dates and different irrigation regimes on morphological characteristics and grain yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) (Cultivar 3279 ILC). Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 6(2): 315-326. (In Persian).
Sadidi A and Armin M. 2015. The effect of competition period on yield and yield components of chickpea in conventional and dormant sowing conditions. Journal of Crop Production Research, 7(3): 223-237.(In Persian).
Sedaghatkhah H, Parsa M, Nezami A, Bagheri A and Porsa H. 2012. Evaluating of the morphological and phenological characteristics of cold tolerant chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes at Entezary sowing in Mashhad conditions. Iranian journal of Pulses Research, 3(1): 41-52.
Walley FL, Clayton GW, Miller PR, Carr PM and Lafond G. 2007. Nitrogen economy of pulse crop production in the northern Great Plains. Agronomy Journal, 99:1710-1718.
Yazdi Samadi B and Peighambari SA. 2000. Effect of sowing date and seed rate on agronomic characteristics of lentil in Karaj. Journal of Iran Agriculture Sciences, 31(4): 667-675. (In Persian).
Zafaranieh M. 2015. Evaluating yield and phonological and morphological characteristics of chickpea genotypes in autumn cultivation under complementary irrigation regime and winter sowing in Mashhad. Agriculture Crop Management, 17(1): 271-282. (In Persian).
Abasi Soraki A, Majnon Hoseini N and Yazdi Samadi B. 2005. Evaluation of lentil genotypes yield potential at expectant cultures and spring cultures in Karaj condition. Iran Agriculture Science, 37(3): 403-411. (In Persian).
Aranjuelo I, José Irigoyen J, Nogués S and Sánchez-Díaz A. 2009. Elevated CO2 and water-availability effect on gas exchange and nodule development in N2-fixing alfalfa plants. Environment Experimental Botany, 65: 18–26.
Azimi N, Seifzadeh S and Shiranirad A. 2014. Effect of N and P fertilizer on some growth and agronomic of lentil in drylan condition and expectant cultures. Second national conference on applied research in agricultural science. Tehran, Tehran University. (In Persian).
Fateh H, Siosemardeh A and Karimpoor M. 2011. Effects of Seed Priming and Sowing Date on Antioxidant Enzymes Activity and Yield of Chickpea under Dry land Condition. Plant Production Technology, 2(2): 1-16. (In Persian).
Hamzei J and Seyedi M. 2012. Response of Three Chickpea Cultivars to Different Sowing Dates under Rainfed Conditions in Hamedan Region. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Production Science, 22(4.1): 83-94. (In Persian).
Hamzei J, Seyedi M.and Babaei M. 2016. Competitive Ability of Lentil Cultivars to Weed Interference under Rain-fed Conditions. Journal of Agroecology, 8(1): 82-94. (In Persian).
ICARDA. 2001. ICARDA Annual Report 2000. International Center for Agri. Res. in the Dry Areas, Aleppo, Syria, 114 pp.
Kandel H, Ashley R and McPhee K. 2013. Growing Lentil in North Dakota. NDSU, Fargo. 36 pp.
Khamadi N, Nezami A and Bagheri1 A. 2011. Evaluation of yield and component yield of cold tolerant lentil genotypes (Lens culinaris Medik.) in fall planting under supplementary irrigation in Mashhad. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 9(4): 557-565. (In Persian).
Lopez-Bellido FJ. Lopez-Bellido J, Kasem Khalil S and Lopez-Bellido L. 2008. Effect of planting date on winter kabuli chickpea growth and yield under rainfed Mediterranean conditions. Agronomy Journal 100(4): 954- 964.
Magomya AM, Kubmarawa D, Ndahi JA and Yebpella GG. 2014. Determination of Plant Proteins via the Kjeldahl Method and Amino Acid Analysis: A Comparative Study”. International Journal Science Technology Research, 3 (4): 68-72.
Merlo C, Reynab L, Abrila A, Valeria Améb M and Genti-Raimondi S. 2014. Environmental factors associated with heterotrophic nitrogen-fixing bacteria in water, sediment, and riparian soil of Suquía River. Limnologica - Ecology Managment Inland Water, 48: 71–79.
Mohammed A, Tana T, Singh P, Korecha D and Molla A. 2016. Management Options for Rainfed Chickpea in Northeast Ethiopia under Climate Change Condition. Climate Risk Management, 97: 1-27.
Momeni R., Babaeian Jelodar N and Bagheri N. 2011. Evaluation of Effect of Gamma Rays Irradiation for Increasing of Variation in Germination and Agronomic Traits in Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 9(3): 322-330. (In Persian).
Mousavi SK and Pezeshkpoor P. 2006. Evaluation of Kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars response to sowing date. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 4(1):141-154. (In Persian).
Mousavi SK, Pezeshkpoor P and Shahverdi M. 2005. Evaluation of sowing date and chickpea genotype on weed interference. First national congress of Pulses. Mashhad, 20-21 November. (In Persian).
Mousavi SK, Shahverdi M and Ahmadi A. 2005. Autumn-winter culture an effective method for escape from drought in sub-tropical dryland areas. First national congress of Pulses. Mashhad, 20-21 November. (In Persian).
Mousavi SK and Pezeshkpour P. 2006. Evaluation of Kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars response to sowing date. Iranian Field Crop Research, 4: 141-154. (In Persian).
Mousavi SK, Ahmadi A and Ghorbani R. 2009. Evaluation the effects of sowing date and plant population on morphological characteristics and yield of chickpea and its weed population under dryland condition of Lorestan province. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 7(1):241-255. (In Persian).
Mousavi SK and Ahmadi A. 2009. Response of chickpea yield and yield components to sowing date, seed rate and weed interference at Lorestan province dry land condition. Journal of plant protection. 23(2): 1-13. (In Persian).
Oweis T, Hachum J and Pala M. 2004a. Water use efficiency of winter-sown chickpea under supplemental irrigation in a Mediterranean environment. Agricultural Water Management 66 (2): 163-179.
Oweis T, Hachum J and Pala M. 2004b. Lentil production under supplemental irrigation in a Mediterranean environment. Agricultural Water Management, 68 (3): 251-265.
Ozdemir S and Karadavut U. 2003. Comparison of the performance of autumn and spring sowing of chickpea in a temperate region. Turkish Journal of Agricalture, 27: 345- 352.
Parsa M and Bagheri A. 2013. Pulses. Publications by Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. (In Persian).
Rezvani Moghadam Pand Sadeghi Samarjan R. 2008. Effect of sowing dates and different irrigation regimes on morphological characteristics and grain yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) (Cultivar 3279 ILC). Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 6(2): 315-326. (In Persian).
Sadidi A and Armin M. 2015. The effect of competition period on yield and yield components of chickpea in conventional and dormant sowing conditions. Journal of Crop Production Research, 7(3): 223-237.(In Persian).
Sedaghatkhah H, Parsa M, Nezami A, Bagheri A and Porsa H. 2012. Evaluating of the morphological and phenological characteristics of cold tolerant chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes at Entezary sowing in Mashhad conditions. Iranian journal of Pulses Research, 3(1): 41-52.
Walley FL, Clayton GW, Miller PR, Carr PM and Lafond G. 2007. Nitrogen economy of pulse crop production in the northern Great Plains. Agronomy Journal, 99:1710-1718.
Yazdi Samadi B and Peighambari SA. 2000. Effect of sowing date and seed rate on agronomic characteristics of lentil in Karaj. Journal of Iran Agriculture Sciences, 31(4): 667-675. (In Persian).
Zafaranieh M. 2015. Evaluating yield and phonological and morphological characteristics of chickpea genotypes in autumn cultivation under complementary irrigation regime and winter sowing in Mashhad. Agriculture Crop Management, 17(1): 271-282. (In Persian).
دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 27، شماره 4
دی 1396
صفحه 107-119

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