ارزیابی کشت مخلوط شنبلیله (Trigonella foenum- graecum L.) و گل داودی (Chrysanthemum morifolium L.) و اثر آن بر جمعیت حشرات

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان

2 گروه 'گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان

چکیده

ﮐﺸﺖ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط در ﺑﺴﯿﺎری از ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺟﻬﺎن ﺑﻪ­دﻟﯿﻞ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن داروﯾﯽ و زراﻋﯽ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. به­منظور بررسی ویژگی­های زراعی گل داودی (Chrysanthemum morifolium L.) در کشت مخلوط با شنبلیله(Trigonella foenum- graecum L.) ، آزمایشی با هفت تیمار شامل تیمارهای T1 : 100 درصد شنبلیله، T2: 100 درصد گل داودی، T3 50 درصد گل داودی و 50 درصد شنبلیله، T4: 35 درصد گل داودی و 65 درصد شنبلیله، T5: 35 درصد شنبلیله و 65 درصد گل داودی، T6: 25 درصد گل داودی و 75 درصد شنبلیله و T7: 25 درصد شنبلیله و 75 درصد گل داودی در سه تکرار به­اجرا درآمد. بالاترین میزان وزن­تر بوته (3/289 گرم) و ریشه (3/41 گرم) داودی در تیمار T7 و بالاترین تعداد شاخه در تیمارهای T5، T6 و T7مشاهده شد. بالاترین میزان وزن خشک گل در تیمارهایT5  (31 گرم) و T7 (9/30 گرم) ملاحظه گردید. تعداد گل تولید شده در داودی تحت تاثیر معنی­دار تیمارهای آزمایشی قرار گرفت و بالاترین تعداد گل (7/218) در هر متر مربع در تیمارT5  (35 درصد شنبلیله و 65 درصد داودی) مشاهده شد. بالاترین مقادیر متغیرهای معنی­دار برای شنبلیله، از الگوهای کشت خالص (وزن­تر و خشک گیاه، تعداد میوه، وزن­تر و خشک ریشه) به­دست آمد. نسبت برابری زمین در همه الگوهای کشت مخلوط بالاتر از یک بود که حاکی از برتری کشت مخلوط بر تک­کشتی داشت. همچنین بیشترین تعداد آفات در کشت­های خالص و بیشترین تعداد دشمنان طبیعی در کشت­های ردیفی مشاهده شد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum L.) and Florists Daisy (Chrysanthemum morifolium L.) Intercropping and Its Effects on Insect Population

نویسندگان [English]

  • Lamia Vojodi Mehrabani 1
  • Solmaz Azimi 2
چکیده [English]

Intercropping is a common method of crop production in many regions of the world mainly due to the resources efficiency and yeid promotion. To study the agronomic traits of Chrysanthemum morifolium intercropped with fenugreek, an experiment was conducted as RCBD with seven treatments; (T1): fenugreek sole cropping (T2): Chrysanthemum sole cropping  (T3): 50 percentage Chrysanthemum and 50 percentage fenugreek intercropping,  (T4): 35 percentage Chrysanthemum and 65 percentage fenugreek, (T5): 35 percentage fenugreek and 75 percentage intercropping Chrysanthemum, (T6) 25 percentage Chrysanthemum and 75 percentage fenugreek intercropping and  (T7) 75 percentage Chrysanthemum and 25 percentage fenugreek. The results revealed the positive effects of intercropping on flower and shoot number, fresh weight of the plant and root and flower dry weight in Chrysanthemum. The greatest plant fresh weight (289.1 g) and root fresh weight (41.3 g) was belonged to T7 treatment. The highest shoot number was recorded in T5, T6 and T7 treatments. For the flower dry weight, T5 (31.03 g) and T7 (30.9 g) hold the greatest data. The highest recorded flower number in Chrysanthemum was attained by T5 treatment. The highest data for fenugreek growth characteristic was belonged to fenugreek monocropping (pod number per plants, plant fresh and dry weight and root fresh and dry weight. Land Equality Ratio for all the intercropping patterns was greater than 1, showing the higher effecincy and profitability of intercropping compared to sole cropping. The results as well indicated that the most number of pests and natural enemies were shown in sole and inter-cropping treatments, respectively.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chrysanthemum morifolium
  • Insect
  • Land Equivalent Ratio
  • Trigonella foenum graecum
  • Yield Components

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 27، شماره 4
دی 1396
صفحه 247-259

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