ارزیابی عملکرد، کیفیت علوفه و سودمندی کشت مخلوط جو (Hordeum vulgare L.) و خلر (Lathyrus sativus L.) با کاربرد مایکوریزا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه

2 گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی عملکرد و کیفیت علوفه و سودمندی کشت مخلوط جو- خلر با کاربرد قارچ مایکوریزا آرباسکولار (Glomus intraradices)، آزمایشی به‌صورت طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 10 تیمار و سه تکرار در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه مراغه در سال 1396 اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل الگوهای مختلف کشت بصورت کشت خالص جو، کشت خالص خلر، 75 درصد خلر+ 25 درصد جو، 50 درصد خلر+ 50 درصد جو، نسبت 25 درصد خلر+ 75 درصد جو در حالت تلقیح و عدم تلقیح با قارچ Glomus intraradices بودند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد علوفه جو و خلر به کشت‌های خالص مربوط بود. همچنین بالاترین عملکرد کل علوفه به الگوی تلقیح شده 75 درصد خلر+ 25 درصد جو تعلق داشت. علاوه بر این، بیشترین میزان خاکستر و پروتئین خام کل علوفه در کشت‌های خالص خلر مشاهده شد. همچنین بیشترین میزان عملکرد کل پروتئین خام در الگوهای کشت خالص خلر و الگوی تلقیح شده 75 درصد خلر+ 25 درصد جو به دست آمد. در تمامی الگوهای کشت به جزء الگوی تلقیح نشده 25 درصد خلر+ 75 درصد جو، نسبت برابری زمین بیشتر از یک بود. مقادیر غالبیت، نسبت رقابت و ضریب ازدحام نسبی جو بیشتر از خلر بود که نشان‌دهنده توانایی رقابتی بیشتر جو نسبت به خلر می‌باشد. بالاترین مقادیر شاخص افت واقعی عملکرد جو، خلر و کل در الگوی تلفیح شده 75 درصد خلر+ 25 درصد جو به دست آمد. در حالی که کمترین مقادیر افت واقعی عملکرد جو، خلر و کل در الگوی تلقیح نشده 25 درصد خلر+ 75 درصد جو مشاهده شد. همچنین بالاترین مقادیر شاخص‌های بهره‌وری سیستم و سودمندی مالی در الگوی تلقیح شده 75 درصد خلر+ 25 درصد جو مشاهده شد که نشان دهنده برتری این الگوی کشت می‌باشد. در کل بر اساس صفات کمی و کیفی علوفه و شاخص‌های زراعی و اقتصادی، الگوی تلقیح شده 75 درصد خلر+ 25 درصد جو به عنوان الگوی برتر معرفی شد.
 
 
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Forage Yield and Quality and Advantages of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)- Grass Pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) Intercropping Using Mycorrhiza

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Haghaninia 1
  • Abdollah Javanmard 1
  • Sara Mollaaliabasiyan 2
چکیده [English]

          In order to investigate the forage quantity and quality and advantage of barley- grass pea intercropping with application of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (Glomus intraradices), a field experiment was conducted as a randomized complete blocks design (RCBD) with 10 treatments and three replications at the faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh in 2017. Treatments were included planting patterns (sole planting of grass pea and barley, 75% grass pea+ 25% barley, 50% grass pea+ 50% barley, 25% grass pea+ 75% barley) with and without mycorrhiza inoculation. The results showed that the greatest barley and grass pea forage yield were related to monoculture patterns. Also, the highest total forage yield belonged to inoculated pattern of 75% grass pea+ 25% barley. Moreover, the highest forage ASH and crude prptein (CP) was observed in grass pea monocultures. In addition to, the greatest total crude protein yield was achieved in grass pea monocultures and inoculated pattern of 75% grass pea+ 25% barley. Also, in all planting patterns, except for 25% grass pea+ 75% barley non-inoculated pattern, LER was more than 1. The A, CR and RCC values in barley were higher than grass pea, indicating that barley was more competitive and dominant than grass pea. The highest AYLbarley, AYLgrass pea  and total AYL were obtained from 75% grass pea+ 25% barley inoculated pattern, while the lowest AYL values were noted in 25% grass pea+ 75% barley non- inoculated pattern.  Also, the highest MAI and SPI values were recorded for the 75% grass pea+ 25% barley inoculated pattern, indicating that this intercropping system were the most profitable. Generally, in basis of quantity and quality traits and agronomical and economical indices, 75% grass pea+ 25% barley inoculated pattern was recommended as superior pattern.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Actual yield loss (AYL)
  • Ash
  • Crude Protein (CP)
  • Competition Ratio (CR)
  • Intercropping Advantage

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 28، شماره 3
مهر 1397
صفحه 221-242

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