تاثیر قارچ میکوریزا و کود زیستی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد لوبیا قرمز در شرایط تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج

2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر کود­های زیستی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد لوبیا قرمز تحت شرایط تنش خشکی، آزمایشی به صورت کرت­های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه یاسوج اجرا گردید. آبیاری به عنوان عامل اصلی در سه سطح شاهد ، قطع آبیاری در مرحله­ی شروع گلدهی تا شروع نیام‌دهی و قطع آبیاری در مرحله­ی شروع نیام‌دهی تا رسیدگی و کودهای زیستی به عنوان عامل فرعی در چهار سطح  شاهد، کاربرد فسفات بارور2، کاربرد قارچ میکوریزا و استفاده تلفیقی قارچ میکوریزا و فسفات بارور2 به کار برده شدند. بیشترین و کمترین شاخص سطح برگ، تعداد دانه در نیام و عملکرد زیستی به ترتیب در تیمار­های بدون قطع آبیاری و تیمار قطع آبیاری در مرحله گلدهی تا نیام­دهی به دست آمد. بیشترین تعداد دانه در نیام (91/3)، شاخص سطح برگ (29/3) و عملکرد بیولوژیک 9/6973  کیلوگرم در هکتار  در تیمار تلفیقی کاربرد میکوریزا و فسفات بارور2 و کمترین آنها به ترتیب 06/3، 71/2 و 7/5729 کیلوگرم در هکتار در تیمار شاهد بدون کاربرد کود زیستی به دست آمد. مقایسه میانگین برهمکنش آبیاری و کود زیستی بر عملکرد دانه نشان داد که در هر سه سطح آبیاری (شاهد، قطع آبیاری در مرحله­ی گل­دهی و نیام­دهی) بیش­ترین عملکرد دانه مربوط به کاربرد تلفیقی میکوریزا و فسفات بارور2 بود و کم­ترین مقدار عملکرد دانه نیز از تیمار شاهد عدم کاربرد کود زیستی بدست آمد. نتایج نشان داد کاربرد کودهای زیستی تا حدودی اثرات تنش خشکی ناشی از قطع آبیاری را در لوبیا قرمز کاهش دادند.
 
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Mycorrhizal Fungi and Biofertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Red Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Drought Stress Conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Roghayeh Tanhaei 1
  • Ali Reza Yadavi 2
  • Mohsen Movahhedi dehnavi 2
  • Amin Salehi 2
چکیده [English]

           In order to study the effects of mycorrhizal fungi and biofertilizers on yield and yield components of red bean under water stress conditions, this experiment was conducted as split plots based on randomized complete block design with three replications at Agriculture Research Station of Yasouj University. Irrigation as the main plot at three levels, without irrigation cut, irrigation cut off at the beginning of flowering to the start of podding, and irrigation cut off at the beginning of the podding to the maturity, and biological fertilizers as the sub plot at four levels as control, use of Phosphate Barvar2, use of Mycorrhiza and the combined use of them were used. The highest and lowest leaf area index, seed number per pod and biological yield were obtained in treatments without irrigation cutting and irrigation cutting at flowering to podding stage, respectively. The highest number of seeds per pod (3.91), leaf area index (3.29) and biological yield (6973.99 kg.ha-1) were observed in the combined application of mycorrhiza and Phosphate Barvar2 and the lowest, respectively as 3.06, 2.71 and 572.77 kg.ha-1 was achieved in the control. Mean comparison interaction of irrigation and biofertilizer on grain yield showed that in all three levels of irrigation, the highest and lowest of grain yield related to the combined application of mycorrhiza and Phosphate Barvar 2 and control (non biological fertilizer) respectively. The results showed that the use of mycorrhizal fungi and phosphate solubilizing bacterium reduced the effects of water stress by irrigation cuttings in red beans.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bean
  • Biofertilizers
  • Drought Stress
  • Grain Yield
  • Mycorrhiza
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