اثر تراکم کشت و روش تربیت انگور بر ویژگی‌های پومولوژیکی و عملکرد زیتون و انگور در سیستم کشت تلفیقی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمانشاه، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمانشاه، ایران

2 باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد خرم‌آباد، خرم‌آباد، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
  این پژوهش به­منظور بررسی اثر تراکم کشت و روش تربیت انگور بر ویژگی­های پومولوژیکی و عملکرد زیتون و انگور در شرایط کشت تلفیقی در ایستگاه تحقیقات زیتون دالاهو واقع در استان کرمانشاه در سال زراعی 96-95 اجرا گردید. درختان زیتون و انگور هشت‌ساله (کشت هم‌زمان در سال1387) درآزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار با دو عامل فواصل کاشت در سه سطح 6×7، 7×7 و 8×7 متر و سیستم هدایت انگور در دو سطح هدایت پاچراغی و هدایت داربستی که به شکل داربست دوطرفه یک طبقه بافاصله 75 سانتیمتر از سطح زمین تربیت‌شده بودند، مورد آزمایش قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که تراکم کشت و سیستم هدایت انگور بر ویژگی میوه و عملکرد درختان زیتون و انگور در کشت تلفیقی اثر گذاشت. تراکم کشت 7×7 و سیستم هدایت داربستی انگور باعث افزایش عملکرد میوه و روغن، ابعاد میوه و وزن خشک گوشت در درختان زیتون و نیز باعث افزایش وزن خوشه، وزن و قطر حبه، عملکرد تک بوته و عملکرد در هکتار در بوته انگور رقم یاقوتی گردید. از طرفی سیستم داربستی انگور در مقایسه با سیستم پاچراغی باعث افزایش تقریباً 12 درصد عملکرد بوته­های انگور در کشت تلفیقی زیتون و انگور گردید. نوع تربیت انگور بر ویژگی میوه و میزان عملکرد درختان زیتون اثری نداشت. با توجه به نتایج این آزمایش تراکم کشت 7×7 و نیز هدایت داربستی انگور در کشت تلفیقی زیتون و انگور قابل توصیه است.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Plant Density and Grape Training Method on Pomological Characteristics and Yield of Olive and Grape in Intercropping System

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rahmatollah Gholami 1
  • Aboalmohsen Hadjiamiri 1
  • Fardin Ghanbari 2
چکیده [English]

Abstract
   The olive and grape intercropping in Kermanshah province was studied by an experiment in Dallaho Olive Research Station (longitude of 45˚, 51΄ E and latitude of 34˚, 30΄ N and the height of sea level 633m). A factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with 3 density (6×7, 7×7 and 8×7 meters) in olive and 2 training systems for grapevine in 3 replications was carried out. Each experiment unit consists of 9 olive tree and 12 grapevine were used. Land was prepared in November 2010 in a 3528 m2 area and trees was planted. Trees were irrigated by drip irrigation in a 3 day intervals. Olive tree compared in growth character (juvenile period). The results showed that olive density and grape training system affected the fruit and yield characteristics of olive and grapevine trees in intercropping system. 7 × 7 cropping density and grape supporting training increased fruit and oil yield, fruit size and dry weight in olive trees, as well as increased cluster weight, weight and diameter of berry, yield per vine and yield per hectare in grapevine Yagutoi cultivar. The results showed that the grape supporting system compared to the Pabrahi system increased the yield of approximately 12% in olive and grape intercropping. Moreover, the grapevine training systems did not affect the fruit attribute and yield of olive trees, but the vine density had significant effect on olive and grapevine yield, In conclusion 7 × 7 olive density and also the supporting system in olive- grape intercropping is recommended.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Oil Yield
  • Planting Distance
  • Scaffolding
  • Sustainable Agriculture
  • Training System

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 28، شماره 4
دی 1397
صفحه 15-24

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