اثر رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری در مرحله قبل از برداشت بر عملکرد، کیفیت میوه و کارایی مصرف آب دو توده خربزه ایرانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر رژیم­های مختلف آبیاری در مرحله قبل از برداشت بر عملکرد و کیفیت میوه دو توده خربزه ایرانی، آزمایشی به صورت کرت­های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه زنجان در سال 1396 اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل دو توده خربزه خاتونی و ایوانکی و سه سطح آبیاری بصورت قطع آبیاری، 60 و 100 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه بود. تیمارهای آبیاری 15 روز قبل از برداشت میوه­ها اعمال گردید. نتایج نشان داد که تیمار آبیاری بطور معنی­داری عملکرد، کیفیت میوه و کارآیی مصرف آب را تحت تاثیر قرار داد. بیشترین عملکرد بوته (1/11 kg)، عملکرد بازار پسند بوته، درصد گوشت میوه (8/57) و ویتامین ث در تیمار 100 درصد نیاز آبی حاصل شد. بیشترین مواد جامد محلول میوه در توده ایوانکی تحت تیمار قطع آّبیاری از بخش مزوکارپ نزدیک به نوک میوه (49/11 %) و کمترین میزان آن در توده خاتونی در شرایط آبیاری 100 درصد از بخش مزوکارپ نزدیک دم میوه (17/8 %) به­دست آمد. حداکثر کارآیی مصرف آب در توده ایوانکی (16/51 kg.m-3) در شرایط قطع آبیاری حاصل شد. میزان مواد جامد محلول از سمت نوک میوه به دم میوه کاهش یافت. از نظر صفات مورد مطالعه در بین توده­ خربزه تفاوت معنی­داری وجود داشت و توده ایوانکی از عملکرد، کارآیی مصرف آب و مواد جامد محلول و کیفیت بیشتری برخوردار بود. با توجه به نتایج، تیمار قطع آّبیاری در مرحله قبل از برداشت با کاهش 95/2 درصد عملکرد، موجب بهبود مواد جامد محلول میوه و صرفه­جویی در مصرف آب گردید.
 
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Different Irrigation Regimes at Pre-Harvest Stage on Yield, Fruit Quality and Water Use Efficiency of Two Iranian Melon Accessions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farzad Tagadosi Nia
  • Zahra Ghahremani
  • Taher Barzegar
  • Jafar Nikbakhat
  • Mitra Aelaei
چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect of different irrigation regimes at the pre-harvest stage on yield and fruit quality of two Iranian melon accessions, a split plot experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications during 2017 at Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, and University of Zanjan. Experimental treatments consisted of two melon accessions (Khatooni and Ivanaki) and three irrigation regimes (irrigation cut-off, 60% and 100 %ETc). Irrigation treatments were applied 15 days before harvesting. The results showed that irrigation regimes had significant effects on water use efficiency (WUE), fruit yield and quality. The highest plant yield (11.1 kg), fresh fruit percent (57.8%), and vitamin C content were obtained under 100% ETc treatment. The highest value of total soluble solid (TSS) was obtained in “Ivanaki” from the umbilicus part of the mesocarp (11.49%) under irrigation cut-off treatment and the lowest TSS (8.17%) was observed in the pedicel part of the mesocarp of “Khatooni” under 100% ETc irrigation. The highest value of WUE (51.16 kg.m-3) was achieved in “Ivanaki” under irrigation cut-off treatment. The amount of TSS decreased from umbilicus part to pedicel part of the mesocarp. Accessions had different yield and fruit quality and “Ivanaki” had higher yield, TSS and quality. According to the results, cut off irrigation treatment at the pre-harvest stage with 2.95% yield reduction improved fruit TSS and saved irrigation water.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fruit Quality
  • Market Function
  • Total Soluble Solids
  • Vitamin C
  • Water Use Efficiency
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