Amani Machiani M, Rezaei- Chiyaneh E, Javanmard A, Maggi F, Morshedloo M R, 2019.Evaluation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seed yield and quali-quantitative production of the essential oils from fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) and dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) in intercropping system under humic acid application. Journal of Cleaner Production. 235: 112-122.
Anderson TH and Domsch KH, 1993. The metabolic quotient for CO2 (qCO2) as a specific activity parameter to assess the effects of environmental conditions, such as pH, on the microbial biomass of forest soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 25:393-395.
Arnon DI, 1949. Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts Polyphenol oxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology, 24: 1–15.
Asadi S, Rezaei-chiyaneh E and Amirnia R, 2018. Effect of planting pattern and fertilizer source on plant characteristics of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in intercroppung. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences. 21(1): 16-30. (In Persian).
Bairva M, Meena SS and Mehta RS, 2012. Effect of bio-fertilizers and plant growth regulators on growth and yield of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.). International Journal of Seed Spices, 2(1): 28-33.
Bakhshande Larimi S, Shakiba MR, Dabbagh Mohamadi Nasab A and Moghaddam Vahed M, 2014. Changes in nitrogen and chlorophyll density and leaf area of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) affected by biofertilizer and nitrogen application. International Journal of Biosciences, 5: 256-265.
Blaylock AD, 1995. Nutrient management for dry bean production. University of Wyoming. Cooperative Extension Service. B-1016.
Brito I, Michael Goss J and Carvalho M, 2008. Agronomic management of indigenous mycorrhizas. Universidade de Evora, ICAM, Apartado, 94: 7002 – 554.
Das M, Singh BP and Prasad RN, 1991. Response of maize (Zea mays L.) to phosphorus-enriched manures grown in P-deficient Alfisols on terraced land inMeghalaya. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 61: 383-388.
Eskandari H and Ghanbari A, 2011. Evaluation of competition and corn (Zea mays L.) and cowpea (Vignu sinesis L.) intercropping for nutrient consumption. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 21(2): 67- 75. (In Persian).
Fageria NK, 2009. The use of nutrients in crop plants. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis.
Fallah S, Baharlouie S and Abbasi Surki A, 2015. Evaluation of competitive and economic indices in canola and pea intercropping at different rates of nitrogen fertilizer. Journal of Agroecology, 6(3): 571-581. (In Persian).
FAOSTS, 2016. World Agriculture Datam, http://www.fao.org/
Franco JG, King SR, Masabni JG and Volder A, 2015. Plant functional diversity improves short-term yields in a low-input intercropping system. Journal of Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 203: 1-10.
Ghamari H, Shafagh Kalvanagh J, Sabaghpoor SH and Dabagh Mohamadi Nasab A, 2017. Evaluation of yield and growth of dragon’s head (Lallemantia iberica (M. Bieb.) isch. & C.A. Mey.) intercropped with purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) under the application of nitroxin biofertilizer and urea. Sustainable Agriculture and Production Science, 27(1): 26-44. (In Persian).
Gupta ML, Prasad A, Ram M and Kumar S, 2002. Effect of the vesicular-arbuscular nutrient acquisition in the crops of different cultivars of menthol mint (Mentha arvensis) under field conditions. Bioresource Technology, 81: 2. 77-79.
Habibi H, motesharezadeh B, Alikhani HA, 2017. Effect of biochar and biological treatments on nutrient elements content (P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn) of Amaranthus in oil polluted soil. Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research, 48(2): 369-384. (In Persian).
Inal A, Gunes A, Zhang F and Cakmak I, 2007. Peanut/ maize intercropping induced changes in rhizosphere and nutrient concentrations in shoots. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 20: 1- 7.
Jannoura R, Georg goergensen R and Bruns C, 2014. Organic fertilizer effects on growth, crop yield and microbial biomass indicesin sole and intercropped peas and oats under organic farming condition. European Journal of Agronomy, 52: 259-270.
Jenkinson DS and Powelson DS, 1976. The effect of biocidal treatments of metabolism in soil-V: A method for measuring soil biomass. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 8: 209-213.
Jones Jr, JB, 1972. Plant tissue analysis for micronutrients. Soil Science Society of America. P.319-344.
Kakulvand R, Fallah S and Abassi Sourki A, 2018. Effects of species competition on photosynthetic pigments, prolin relative water content, and essence fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graceum) and black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) under drought stress conditions in intercropping system. Journal of Plant Process and Function. Iranin Society of Plant Physiology, 6(19): 255-270. (In Persian).
Khodshenas MA, Ghadbeiklou J and Dadivar M, 2019. Determination of critical level of soil phosphorus for bean. Soil Researches (Soil and Water Science), 33: 25-36. (In Persian).
Koocheki A, Nourbakhsh F and Cheshmi M, 2017. Assessment of yield and use efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus in row intercropping of wheat and canola. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 15(3): 559-574. (In Persian).
Kuo S, Ortiz Escobar ME, Hue NV and Hummel RL, 2004. Composting and compost utilization for agronomic and container crops. in: pandalai (Ed). Recent research development and environmental biology. Research Signpost, pp. 451-513.
Latati M, Aouiche A, Tellah S, Laribi AK, Benlahrech S, Kaci G, Ouarem F and Ounane SM, 2017. Intercropping maize and common bean enhances microbial carbon and nitrogen availability in low phosphorus soil under mediterranean conditions. European Journal of Soil Biology, 80: 9-18.
Lin CW, Chen YC, Huang J and Tu T, 2007. Temporal variation of plant height, plant cover and leaf area index in intercropped area of Sichuan, China. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 26: 989- 994.
Mahanta D and Rai RK, 2008. Effects of sources of phosphorus and biofertilizers on productivity and profitability of soybean (Glycine max) – wheat (Triticum aestivum) system. Indian Journal of Agronomy, 53: 279–284.
Mahanta D, Rai RK, Mishra SD, Raja A, Purakayastha TJ and Varghese E, 2014. Influence of phosphorus and biofertilizers on soybean and wheat root growth and properties. Field Crops Research, 166:1-9.
Mahmoudzadeh M, Rasouli-Sadaghiani MH, Hassani A and Barin M, 2014.The role of mycorrhizal inoculation on growth and essential oil of peppermint (Mentha piperita). Journal of Horticulture Science, 29(3):342-348. (In Persian).
Mikic A, Cupina B, Rubiales D, Mihailovic V, Sarunaite L, Fustec J, Antanasovic S, Krstic D, Bedoussac L, Zoric L, Dordevic V, Peric V and Srebric M, 2015. Models, developments, and perspectives of mutual legume intercropping. Advances in Agronomy. 130: 337- 419.
Moradi Telavat MR and Ataollah Siadat S, 2012. Introduction and production of oil seed crops. Education and Agricultural Promotion Press, Pp 374. (In Persian).
Najafi N and Mostafae M, 2015. Improvement of corn plant nutrition by farmyard manure application and intercropping with bean and bitter vetch in a calcareos soil. Journal of Soil Management and Sustainable Production, 5(1): 1- 22. (In Persian)
Nelson, DW, Sommers, LE, 1980. Total nitrogen analysis for soil and plant tissues. Journal of Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 63, 770–778.
Nurbakhsh F, Koocheki A and Nassiri Mahallati M, 2016. Evaluation of species diversity effect on some of agroecosystem services in the intercropping of corn, soybean and marshmallow 2- yield, land equivalent ratio, soil microbial respiration and biomass, carbon sequestration potential. Journal of Crop Production, 9(1): 49-68. (In Persian).
Orhan E, Esitken A, Ercisli S, Turan M and Sahin F, 2006. Effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on yield, growth and nutrient contents in organically growing raspberry. Scientia Horticulturae, 111: 38–43.
Pakgohar N and Ghanbari A, 2013. Evaluation of competition and nutrient consumption of nutrifid millet and green Pea in intercropping. Journal of Crops Improvement, 15(4), 137-150. (In Persian).
Parsa M and Bagheri A, 2008. Pulses. Mashhad Jadah Daneshghahi Press. 522p. (In Persian).
Parsa-Motlagh B, Mahmoodi S, Sayyari-Zahan M and Naghizadeh M, 2016. Effect of mycorrhizal fungi and phosphorus fertilizer on concentration of leaf nutrients and photosynthetic pigments of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under salinity stress condition. Journal of Agroecology, 3(2): 233-244. (In Persian).
Rezaei- Chiyaneh E, Amirnia R, Amani Machiani M, Javanmard A, Maggi F, Morshedloo M R, 2020. Intercropping fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.) with common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as affected by PGPR inoculation: A strategy for improving yield, essential oil and fatty acid composition. Scientia Horticulturae, 261, 10895.
Rezaei Chiyaneh E, Pirzad AR and Farjami A, 2014. Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur supplier bacteria on seed yield and essential oil of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.). Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences, 4(24): 71-83. (In Persian).
Rezaei-Chiyaneh E, Rasouli Y, Jalilian J. and Ghodsi M, 2019. Evaluation of quantitative and qualitative yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in intercropping affected by biological and chemical fertilizers in supplemental irrigation condition. Journal of Agroecology. 11(1):69-85. (In Persian).
Rezvani Moghadam, P and Seyedi M, 2014. The role of organic and biological fertilizers in phosphorus and potassium uptake by Nigella sativa. Horticultural Sciences, 28 (1): 43-53. (In Persian).
Rostaei M and Fallah S, 2016. Assessment of canopy characteristics and essential oil yeild of fenugreek and black cumin in intercropping under application of organic and chemical ferilizer. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 25(4): 1-23. (In Persian).
Saleh Rastin N, 2001. Biological fertilizers and their role in sustainable agriculture. Collection of researches on the necessity of industrial production of bio-fertilizers: 1-54. (In Persian).
Salehi Z, Amirnia R, Rezaeichiyaneh E and Khalilvandi Behrozyar H, 2018. Evaluation of yield and some qualitative traits of forage in intercropping of triticale with annual legumes. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Proudaction, 28(4): 59-76. (In Persian).
Seyed sharifi R and Namvar A, 2015. Bio fertilizers in agronomy. University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, 280. (In Persian).
Singh JS, Pandey VC and Singh DP, 2011. Efficient soil microorganisms: A new dimension for sustainable agriculture and environmental development. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 140: 339–353.
Singh M, Singh UB, Ram M, Yadav A and Chanotiya CS, 2013. Biomass yield, essential oil yield and quality of geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L. Her.) as influenced by intercropping with garlic (Allium sativum L.) under subtropical and temperate climate of India. Industrial Crops and Products, 46: 234-237.
Singh SP and Gupta SR. 2014. Soil microbial biomass: A key soil driver in management of ecosystem functioning. Science of the Total Environment. 634: 497-500.
Tandon, HLS, Cescas, MP, Tyner EH, 1968. An acid-free vanadate–molybdate reagent for the determination of total phosphorus in soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal. 32, 48-51.
Vrignon-Brenas S, Celette F, Piquet-Pissaloux A, Jeuffroy MH and Davi C, 2016. Early assessment of ecological services provided by forage legumes in relay intercropping. European Journal of Agronomy, 75: 89-98.
Weisanny W, Raei Y, Zehtab-Salmasi S, Sohrabi Y and Ghassemi-Golezani K, 2016. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi induced changes in rhizosphere, essential oil and mineral nutrients uptake in dill/common bean intercropping system. Annals of Applied Biology, 1-14.
Zamani F, Amirnia R, Rezaei-chiyaneh E, Rahimi A, 2017. Evaluation of yield and yield components of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.) with the combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium supplier bacteria with mycorrhizal fungi in low-input cropping system. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable. 27(4): 217-231. (In Persian).
Zhang XP, Huang GQ, Bion XM and Zhao PG, 2013. Effects of nitrogen fertilization and root interaction on the agronomic traits of intercropped maize, and the quantity of microorganisms and activity of enzymesin the rhizosphere. Plant Soil, 368: 407-17.
Zhanga Y, Hua J, Bai JF, Qin H, Wang J, Wang J and Lin X, 2019. Intercropping with sunflower and inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi promotes growth of garlic chive in metal-contaminated soil at a WEEE- recycling site. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 167: 376–384.
Zhao D, Oosterhuis D and Bednarz C, 2001. Influence of potassium deficiency on photosynthesis, chlorophyll content, and chloroplast ultrastructure of cotton plants. Photosynthetica, 39: 103-109.
)