اثر کاربرد محرک زیستی کیتوزان بر صفات رشدی و عملکرد اسانس بادرشبی (Dracocephalium moldavica L.) در شرایط آبیاری با آب شور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران.

2 گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران.

چکیده

یافتن روش­های افزایش تحمل گیاهان به تنش­های محیطی می­تواند گامی مؤثر در جهت نیل به تولید پایدار در بخش کشاورزی باشد. به منظور بررسی اثرات متقابل تنش شوری و محلول­پاشی محرک زیستی کیتوزان در شرایط کشت گیاه دارویی بادرشبی (Dracocephalium moldavica L.) آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با سه سطح شوری صفر، 25 و ۵۰ میلی­مولارکلریدسدیم و چهار سطح محلول­پاشی محرک زیستی کیتوزان  صفر، 25/0، 5/0 و 1 درصد وزنی- حجمی و با سه تکرار در دانشگاه مراغه به اجرا درآمد. نتایج نشان داد که اعمال تنش شوری باعث کاهش معنی­دار در تمامی صفات مورد اندازه­گیری گردید. محلول­پاشی کیتوزان باعث بالا رفتن میزان شاخص­های رشدی همچون ارتفاع بوته، وزن تر و خشک برگ، وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی و طول گل آذین، رنگیزه­های فتوسنتزی و فلورسنس کلروفیل گردید، اما اختلاف معنی­داری بین دو تیمار 5/0 و 1 درصد کیتوزان مشاهده نگردید. بطورکلی در این آزمایش تنش شوری باعث کاهش میزان کلروفیلa، کلروفیلb، کارتنوئید و شاخص­های فلورسنس کلروفیل گردید، ولی کاربرد کیتوزان باعث افزایش معنی­دار این صفات گردید. همچنین محلول­پاشی کیتوزان باعث افزایش میزان درصد اسانس در همه گیاهان گردید ولی این افزایش در گیاهان تحت تنش بیشتر از گیاهان فاقد شوری بود. کاربرد کیتوزان به عنوان یک محرک زیستی باعث  ایجاد تحمل گیاه به شرایط شوری و بهبود کشت پایدار گیاه بادرشبی گردید.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Chitosan as Growth Elicitor on Some Growth Parameters and Essential Oils Yield of Dracocephalium moldavica L. Under Salinity Condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • gholamreza gohari 1
  • Mohammad Kazem Bahrami 2
چکیده [English]

Plant growth and development are adversely affected by salinity. In order to evaluate the effects of different salinity levels and application of chitosan on some growth parameters, photosynthesis pigments and essential oils content and yield of moldavian balm (Dracocephalium moldavica L.), a greenhouse experiment was carried out as a factorial based on the completely randomized design (CRD) and three replications. The first factor was three levels of salinity stress included 0, 25 and 50 Mm NaCl and the second factor was application of chitosan (0, 0.25, 0.5 and 1 % w/v). The studied traits include the morphological (plant height, shoot fresh and dry weight, leaf fresh and dry weight and inflorescence length), chlorophyll fluorescence (Variable fluorescence, maximum chlorophyll fluorescence yield, Water degradation complex), photosynthesis pigments (chlorophyll a and b, carotenoid) and also essential oil content and yield. The results demonstrated that all morphological traits and some of physiological characteristics including chlorophyll fluorescence indices, chlorophyll a, and chlorophyll b and carotenoid contents significantly decreased with increasing the salinity level. In addition, the results showed that with application of chitosan in the salinity conditions, all morphological traits, antioxidant enzymes activity, and chlorophyll fluorescence (Variable fluorescence, maximum chlorophyll fluorescence yield, Water degradation complex, Y (II)) parameters improved compared with control. Furthermore, foliar application of chitosan increased the essential oil and yield under salinity stress condition. It seems that chitosan has a positive effect to overcome effects of salinity stress and might be help to increasers essential oil yield on medicinal plants.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Abiotic Stress
  • Essential Oils
  • Medicinal Plants
  • Sustainable Agriculture
  • Yield
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