تحلیل مسائل و مشکلات کشاورزی دقیق از دیدگاه کارشناسان جهاد کشاورزی شهرستان ارومیه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه ترویج و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

در قرن حاضر مسائل مهمی از قبیل افزایش خطرسلامتی انسان و آلودگی محیط زیست از یک طرف و لزوم کاهش مصرف نهاده­ها و توسعه پایدار کشاورزی از طرف دیگر، کاربرد فناوری­های نوین از جمله کشاورزی دقیق را در عرصه مدیریت نهاده­های کشاورزی بیش از پیش ضروری ساخته است. کشاورزی دقیق با مدیریت نهاده­های تولید منجر به کاهش هزینه­های تولید، کاهش آلودگی­های زیست محیطی، افزایش عملکرد، افزایش بهره­وری، مدیریت و تصمیم­سازی قوی­تر بر پایه اطلاعات و توسعه پایدار کشاورزی می­گردد. با توجه به اهمیت موضوع و پتانسیل­های عظیمی که کشاورزی دقیق در کشورهای درحال توسعه، ازجمله ایران برای بهبود بخش کشاورزی دارد؛ هدف کلی این تحقیق تحلیل مسائل و مشکلات توسعه کشاورزی دقیق از دیدگاه کارشناسان سازمان جهاد کشاورزی شهرستان ارومیه است. این تحقیق از نوع کاربردی و به روش توصیفی- پیمایشی بود. جامعه آماری این تحقیق 101 نفر از کارشناسان سازمان جهاد کشاورزی شهرستان ارومیه بودند که برای جمع­آوری اطلاعات از روش سرشماری استفاده شد. برای شناسایی مسائل و مشکلات کشاورزی دقیق از تحلیل­عاملی اکتشافی بهره گرفته شد. بر اساس نتایج تحقیق، مهم­ترین مسائل و مشکلات کشاورزی دقیق از دیدگاه کارشناسان مورد مطالعه به ترتیب شامل: مشکلات اطلاعاتی و آموزشی (ضعف دانش در زمینه فناوری­های مرتبط با کشاورزی دقیق)، مشکلات اقتصادی (عدم توجیه اقتصادی و سودآوری کشاورزی دقیق و ضعف بنیه­ی مالی کشاورزان)، مشکلات مدیریتی (پایبندی مدیران به اعمال مدیریت سنتی)، مشکلات فنی و سازمانی (دسترسی ضعیف به نرم­افزارها و سخت­افزارهای مورد نیاز در داخل کشور)، مشکلات انگیزشی (انگیزه کم فارغ­التحصیلان برای ورود به عرصه تولید کشاورزی)، مشکلات تکنولوژیکی (عدم توسعه مکانیزاسیون کشاورزی) بودند. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده، مشکلاتی که در شش عامل خلاصه شده اند حدود  46/70 درصد تغییرات واریانس کل را تبیین می­کردند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of Precision Agricultural Problems from the Viewpoint of Agricultural jihad Experts in Urmia

نویسندگان [English]

  • Asma Eidi
  • Fatemeh Kazemiyeh
  • Shapour Zarifian
  • Sohrab Mirloo
چکیده [English]

In the current century, important issues such as increasing human health and environmental pollution and need to reduce inputs and sustainable agriculture, have made it more urgent to use modern technologies, including precision agricultural, in the field of agricultural input management. Equal application of agricultural inputs on farms, regardless of variables within the farm and existing conditions, has not shown good results in product performance. However, precision farming by managing production inputs reduces production costs and environmental pollution, increase yields and productivity, better management and decision-making based on information and sustainable agriculture development. Considering the importance of the topic and the enormous potential that precision agriculture has in developing countries, including Iran, to improve the agricultural sector, the objective of this study is to analyze the problems of the development of precision agriculture from the viewpoint of experts in the Agricultural Jihad Organization of Urmia. This research was applied and descriptive-survey. The statistical population of this research was 101 experts of Urmia Agricultural Jihad Organization. The census method was used to collect data. An exploratory analysis was used to identify the challenges and precision agriculture. According to the results of the research, the most important problems of precision agricultural from the viewpoint of the experts were: information and educational problems (knowledge weakness in the field of precision farming technologies), economic problems (lack of economic justification and precision farming profitability and financial weakness Farmers), management problems (adherence of managers to traditional management practices), technical and organizational problems (poor access to software and hardware needed inside the country), motivational problems (low motivation for graduates to enter agricultural production), technological problems (lack of development of agricultural mechanization). Based on the results, all the problems that are summarized in the six factors have a negative effect on the implementation of the precision agricultural process and slow down or stop the process. The problems encountered in the six factors explained about 70.46% of the total variance.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agricultural Development
  • Economic Problems
  • Educational Problems
  • Management Problems
  • Precision Agriculture
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