اثر تلقیح با باکتری‌های محرک رشد و قارچ شبه‌میکوریز بر برخی صفات رشدی و عملکرد اسانس بادرشبو (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) تحت تنش کم‌آبی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشگده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 گروه علوم خاک، دانشگده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

اهداف: بررسی اثر تلقیح با باکتری­های محرک رشد و قارچ شبه­میکوریز تحت تنش کم­آبی بر برخی صفات رشدی و عملکرد اسانس بادرشبو از اهداف مهم این پژوهش می باشد.
 
مواد و روش‌ها: آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سال 1396در سه تکرار در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز اجرا شد.  عامل اول تنش کم­آبی بر اساس ظرفیت مزرعه­ای در چهار سطح شامل شاهد بدون تنش کم­آبی (100-85 درصد ظرفیت زراعی)، 85-70 درصد ظرفیت زراعی، 70-55 درصد ظرفیت زراعی، 55-40 درصد ظرفیت زراعی و عامل دوم تلقیح بادرشبو با میکروارگانیسم­های مختلف شامل اینتروباکتر، سودوموناس، آگروباکتریوم، قارچ شبه میکوریز و شاهد (عدم تلقیح) در نظر گرفته شد.
 
یافته‌ها: نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که اثر تنش کم­آبی و تیمار تلقیح بر تمام صفات مورفولوژیکی بادرشبو معنی­دار بود. با افزایش تنش کم­آبی ارتفاع بوته، تعداد شاخه فرعی، طول سرشاخه اصلی، تعداد چرخه گل در ساقه اصلی، درصد و عملکرد اسانس به طور معنی­داری کاهش یافتند. بالاترین عملکرد خشک سرشاخه گل­دار (41/2 گرم در گلدان) تحت تیمار بادرشبو با انتروباکتر بدست آمد. بیشترین عملکرد پیکره رویشی (59  گرم در گلدان)، درصد اسانس (32/0 درصد) و عملکرد اسانس ( 19/0 گرم در گلدان) تحت تیمار تلقیح با آگروباکتریوم حاصل شد.
 
نتیجه‌گیری: به طور کلی تیمارهای تلقیح با قارچ شبه­میکوریز و آگروباکتریوم، از نظر صفات عملکرد پیکره رویشی و عملکرد اسانس در شرایط تنش متوسط کم­آبی (70-55 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) بهتر عمل کرده و می­توانند به عنوان تیمارهایی برای کاهش کابرد کودهای شیمیایی در تولید پایدار بادرشبو توصیه شوند.
 
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Inoculation with PGPRs and Mycorrhiza-like Fungi on some Growth Traits and Essential Oil Yield of Moldavian balm (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) under Water Deficit Stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Parisa Zafarani Moattar 1
  • Rouhollah Amini 1
  • Mohammad Reza Shakiba 1
  • Mohammad Reza Sarikhani 2
چکیده [English]

Background & Objective: The aim of this experiment was to study the effect of inoculation with growth promoting bacteria and mycorrhiza-like fungi (Piriformospora indica)  under water deficit stress on some morphological traits and essential oil yield of Moldavian balm (Dracocephalum moldavica L.).
 
Materials & Methods: a factorial experiment was conducted in University of Tabriz, Iran based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2017. The first factor was water deficit based on field capacity (FC) at four levels including 80-100 % FC, 70-85%FC, 55-70% FC, 40-55% FC and the second factor was inoculation of Moldavian balm with different microorganisms including Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, Agrobacterium, Piriformospora indica and control (non-inoculation).
 
Results: The results showed that the effect of water deficit stress and inoculation treatments on all morphological traits were significant. With increasing water deficit stress, all growth traits including plant height, branch number, main branch length, number of cycle of flowers per main branches, essential oil content and yield were significantly reduced. The highest amount of dry flowering head yield (2.41g/pot) was obtained with Enterobacter sp. However, the highest dry mater yield (59 g/pot), essential oil percentage (0.32%) and essential oil yield (0.19 g/pot) were obtained under Agrobacterium treatment.
 
Conclusion: In general, inoculations with Piriformospora indica and Agrobacterium, were the best treatments in terms of dry mater yield and essential oil yield under moderate drought stress conditions and can be recommended as treatments to reduce the application of chemical fertilizers in sustainable production of Moldavian balm.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agrobacterium
  • Enterobacter
  • Essential Oil Yield
  • Pseudomonas
  • Water Deficit Stress
  • Dry Flowering Head Yield
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