گروهبندی ژنوتیپ‌های مختلف جو با استفاده از نشانگرهای مولکولی، مورفولوژیک و انتقال مجدد ماده خشک به دانه تحت شرایط تنش کمبود آب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

2 پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

     در مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک، دسترسی به آب در زمان های حساس رشد گیاهان مهمترین عامل محدودکننده عملکرد اقتصادی می­باشد. تحمل تنش آبی در یک ژنوتیپ گیاهی به برخی از ویژگی­های فیزیولوژیک و مورفولوژیک آن، از جمله صفات موثر در پایداری عملکرد و انتقال مجدد ماده خشک در شرایط تنش خشکی بستگی دارد. در مطالعه حاضر 26 لاین به­همراه 14رقم جو پاییزه، از نظر صفت فیزیولوژیک انتقال مجدد ماده خشک (مقدار، کارایی و سهم انتقال مجدد) و برخی صفات مورفولوژیک مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. مقایسه میانگین بین ژنوتیپ­ها از لحاظ صفات مربوط به انتقال مجدد ماده خشک از ساقه و پدانکل به دانه نشان داد که رقم صحرا و جو لخت چامیکو بیشترین و لاین‌های Dari-friz88-A-3، Dari-friz88-A-8، Dari-friz88-A-6 و دایتون کمترین میزان انتقال مجدد ماده خشک از ساقه به دانه را در زمان پر شدن دانه دارا بودند. بیشترین عملکرد دانه در هر سه سطح تنش متعلق به لاین F-A3-3 بود. این لاین از وزن هزار دانه، تعداد دانه در سنبله و میزان، کارایی و سهم انتقال مجدد ماده خشک پدانکل و ساقه بالایی برخوردار بود. همچنین، با به­کارگیری نشانگرهای AFLP، ISSR و RAPD ارزیابی ژنوتیپی صورت گرفت. ژنوتیپ­ها در 4 دسته با ضرایب تشابه متنوعی از 33/0 تا 958/0 دسته­بندی شدند. لاین­های F-ERB-84-11 و F-A3-3 کمترین و لاین Dari-friz-A-8 و جو لخت آلاندا بیشترین فاصله ژنتیکی را از یکدیگر دارا بودند. نتایج نشان داد که نشانگر AFLP بیشترین کارایی را در تعیین پلی­مورفیسم و تنوع ژنتیکی بین ژنوتیپ­ها دارا می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Grouping of Barley Genotypes Using Molecular and Morphological Markers, and Dry Matter Remobilization to Grain under Water Deficit

نویسندگان [English]

  • M NakhaiiBadrabadi 1
  • M Shokrpour 2
چکیده [English]

Water availability at critical times of growth in crops is the most important limiting factor for economic performance in arid and semi-arid regions. Water stress tolerance in a plant genotype depends on some physiological and morphological traits including affecting components in yield stability and dry matter remobilization under drought conditions. In this study, 26 lines along to 14 varieties of winter barley were evaluated for dry matter remobilization (amount, efficiency and contribution of remobilization) and some morphological traits. Mean comparisons between genotypes showed   Sahra cultivar and naked barley Chamico were the highest and  lines of Dari-friz88-A-3, Dari-friz88-A-8, Dari-Dayton friz88-A-6 and Dayton were the lowest in terms of traits related to remobilization of stem and peduncle to grain during grain filling. The highest yield of seed belonged to line of F-A3-3 in the all levels of stress. This line also had high seed weight, number of grains per spike, and amount, efficiency and contribution of dry matter remobilization of stem and peduncle to grain.  Genotyping was also applied using   markers of AFLP, ISSR and RAPD. The genotypes were classified to four categories with range of similarity coefficients from 0.33 to 0.958. The lowest and highest genetic distance obtained among lines of F-ERB-84-11 and F-A3-3 and lines of Dari-friz-A-8 and naked barley Alanda, respectively. Results showed that AFLP markers had the most efficiency to determine polymorphism and genetic diversity among the genotypes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Barley
  • Drought Stress
  • Dry matter remobilization
  • genetic diversity and molecular markers

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