بهبود رشد و خصوصیات فیزیولوژیک زیره سبز (Cuminum cyminum L.) با تلفیق ورمی‏ کمپوست و کود زیستی در فواصل مختلف آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گیاهان دارویی، واحد فسا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، فسا، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد فسا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، فسا، ایران

چکیده

اهداف: رویکرد جهانی در تولید محصولات کشاورزی به سمت افزایش عملکرد کمی و کیفی گیاهان دارویی از طریق روش‏های مدیریتی نظیر کاربرد کودهای زیستی و کاهش مصرف کودهای شیمیایی می‏باشد.

مواد و روش‏ها: این پژوهش به صورت اسپلیت‏پلات در قالب طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در شهرستان فسا در سال 1399 انجام گردید. فاکتور اول فواصل آبیاری شامل 25، 50 و 75 درصد تخلیه رطوبت قابل استفاده و فاکتور دوم شامل 100 درصد کود شیمیایی مورد نیاز، 10 تن در هکتار ورمی‏کمپوست، 10 تن در هکتار ورمی‏کمپوست همراه با کود زیستی سوپرنیتروپلاس، کود زیستی سوپرنیتروپلاس و ‏شاهد (بدون کود) بود.

یافته‏ها: نتایج نشان داد که در سطح 25 درصد تخلیه رطوبتی، بیشترین نیتروژن برگ، محتوای کلروفیل a و عملکرد بیولوژیک در 100 درصد نیاز شیمیایی بدست آمد. اما در 50 درصد تخلیه رطوبتی، بیشترین مقدار صفات فوق در ورمی‏کمپوست همراه با کود زیستی بود که نسبت به 100 درصد نیاز شیمیایی اختلاف معنی‏داری نشان نداد. کود زیستی سبب افزایش فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز و پراکسیداز شد. همچنین کود شیمیایی و ورمی کمپوست به همراه کود زیستی به ترتیب سبب افزایش 8 و 12 درصدی عملکرد دانه نسبت به شاهد گردید. مصرف به تنهایی کود زیستی سبب افزایش درصد اسانس زیره سبز شد، اما کمترین آن در کاربرد 100 درصد نیاز شیمیایی و شاهد مشاهده شد.

نتیجه‏گیری: در مجموع نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که ورمی‏کمپوست و کود زیستی در اکثر موارد قابل رقابت با تیمار کود شیمیایی بوده، به خصوص با افزایش تنش خشکی تاثیر بیشتری را نشان دادند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Improvement of growth and physiological characteristics of Cuminum Cuminum L. by a combination of vermicompost and biofertilizer under different irrigation regimes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohamad Pakdaman 1
  • Mohammad reza Baziar 2
1 M.Sc. graduated of Medicinal Plant, Fasa Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fasa, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Fasa Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fasa, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective:
The world approach to produce the crops is toward the qualitative and quantitative increase in the performance of herbs via the managerial methods, such as applying the biofertilizers and reducing the use of the chemical fertilizers.

Materials and Methods:
This research was done as a split-plot in completely random block design with three replications in Fasa County in 2021. The first factor of the irrigation intervals included: 25, 50, and 75 percent drainage of available moisture, and the second factor included 100 percent of chemical fertilizer needed, 10 tons of vermicompost per hectare, 10 tons of vermicompost per hectare along with the biofertilizer super nitroplus, super nitroplus fertilizer and the control treatment (no fertilizers).

Results:
The results showed that in 25 percent moisture drainage level, the highest nitrogen of leaves, chlorophyll content and biological performance at 100% chemical requirement was obtained. But, in 25% moisture drainage, most of these characteristics in the vermicompost were accompanied with biofertilizer which did not show a significant difference compared to 100% chemical fertilizer. Biofertilizer increased catalase and peroxidase enzyme activity. Chemical fertilizer and vermicompost and biofertilizer also increased seed performance compared to treatment 8 to 12%. Applying only biofertilizer increased Cuminum cyminum L. percentage of the essence. But, the lowest amount of it was observed when chemical fertilizer and control.

Conclusion:
To sum up, the results of this research showed that the vermicompost and biofertilizer in most cases can compete with chemical fertilizer, especially when drought tension showed a greater effect.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biological yield
  • Grain yield
  • Catalase
  • Chlorophyll a
  • Leaf nitrogen
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