تجزیه گرافیکی روابط بین صفات و گزینش هیبریدهای‌های برتر در آفتابگردان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج

2 دانشیار، موسسه تحقیقات، اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

3 استادیار بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی صفی‌آباد، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،

چکیده

آفتابگردان یکی از مهمترین گیاهان دانه روغنی در جهان محسوب می‌شود که روغن آن ارزش غذایی و اقتصادی بالایی دارد. بنابراین انتخاب ژنوتیپ‌های پرمحصول در این گیاه از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است. در این راستا تعداد یازده هیبرید جدید به همراه چهار رقم گلسا، قاسم، شمس و فرخ در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی دزفول در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در دو سال زراعی (99-1397) ارزیابی شدند. در این پژوهش برای مطالعه روابط متقابل میان صفات مختلف و انتخاب بهترین ژنوتیپ‌های آفتابگردان از روش‌های بای‌پلات ژنوتیپ × صفت (GT) و بای‌پلات ژنوتیپ × عملکرد × صفت (GYT) استفاده شد. بر اساس نمایش چندضلعی بای‌پلاتGT ، ژنوتیپ شماره 1 مطلوب‌ترین و مناسب‌ترین ژنوتیپ‌‌ برای عملکرد دانه و صفات مرتبط با عملکرد بود. نمایش برداری بای پلات GT، همبستگی بالایی بین عملکرد دانه با قطر ساقه، ارتفاع بوته، قطر طبق و تعداد دانه در طبق نشان داد. بر اساس نمایش مختصات تستر متوسط (ATC) بای‌پلات GYT، ژنوتیپ‌های شماره 1 و 6 به عنوان بهترین و ژنوتیپ‌های شماره 12 و 7 به عنوان ضعیف‌ترین ژنوتیپ‌ها از نظر کلیه ترکیبات مثبت عملکرد-صفت شناخته شدند. با توجه به نتایج، همبستگی مثبت معنی‌داری بین صفات قطر ساقه، قطر طبق، ارتفاع بوته و زودرسی در ترکیب با عملکرد دانه مشاهده شد. بنابراین به نظر می‌رسد که صفات قطر ساقه، قطر طبق، ارتفاع بوته و زودرسی می‌توانند به عنوان معیارهای مناسب برای انتخاب برای افزایش عملکرد دانه در آفتابگردان مورد استفاده قرار گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Graphic analysis of relationships between traits and selection of superior hybrids in sunflower

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amir Gholizadeh 1
  • Mehdi Ghaffari 2
  • Seyed Ahmad Kalantar Ahmadi 3
1 Assistant Professor, Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gorgan, Iran.
2 Associate Prof. Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Safiabad Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Dezful, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The sunflower is one of the most important oilseed plants in the world that its oil has nutritional and high economic value. Therefore, the selection of high yielding genotypes is especially important in this plant. In this regard, 11 new hybrids along with four cultivars Golsa, Ghasem, Shams and Farrokh were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with four replications in agriculture research station of Dezful during 2018-2020. In this study, the methods of genotype × trait (GT) and genotype by yield × trait biplot (GYT) were used to identify interrelationships between different traits and selection of the best sunflower genotypes. Based on polygon view of GT biplot, the genotype No. 1 had good characteristics regarding seed yield and traits related to yield. The vector view of GT biplot showed high correlation between seed yield with stem diameter, plant height, head diameter and seed number per head. Based on average tester coordinate (ATC) view of GYT biplot, the genotypes No. 1 and 6 in terms of all positive yield-trait combinations were recognized as the best genotypes and genotypes No. 12, and 7 as the weakest genotypes. According to the results, a significant positive correlation was observed between stem diameter, head diameter, plant height and early maturity in combination with seed yield. Therefore, it seems that traits of stem diameter, head diameter, plant height and early maturity could be used as a suitable selection criterions for increasing seed yield in sunflower.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Correlation
  • GYT index
  • Hybrid
  • Seed yield
  • Sunflower

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 32، شماره 3
آبان 1401
صفحه 201-217

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