برخی تغییرات رویشی و عملکرد گونه‌های گندم با سطوح پلوئیدی مختلف تحت تنش شوری و آب مغناطیسی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری زراعت، گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشگده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 استاد گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

3 دانشیار گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشگده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبر

4 دانشیار گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشگده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

اهداف: شوری آب آبیاری از مهم‌ترین عوامل محدودکننده تولید گیاهان زراعی در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک دنیا است. راهکارهایی برای کاهش این مشکل پیشنهاد شده‌اند که اغلب این روش‌ها بر پایه تصفیه آب و هزینه‌بر هستند. از طرفی استفاده از شیوه‌های جدید مانند آب مغناطیسی در افزایش عملکرد گیاهان زراعی مطرح می‌باشد.
مواد و روش‌ها: در این راستا، به‌منظور ارزیابی خصوصیات اندام هوایی گونه‌های مختلف گندم با سطوح پلوئیدی مختلف تحت کاربرد آب مغناطیسی و تنش شوری، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1398 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی اداره باغبانی و فضای سبز دانشگاه تبریز اجرا شد. عامل اول نوع آب (معمولی و مغناطیسی)، عامل دوم شوری آب آبیاری در سه سطح صفر، 3 و 6 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر (کلرید سدیم) و عامل سوم گونه‌ها و ارقام گندم می‌باشند.
یافته‌ها: میانگین شاخص کلروفیل برگ، صفات رویشی، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه گونه‌ها و ارقام گندم در شوری-های متوسط و شدید کاهش معنی‌داری پیدا کردند. مغناطیس کردن آب آبیاری موجب تعدیل اثرات منفی تنش شوری بر شاخص کلروفیل برگ، برخی صفات رویشی و عملکرد دانه گندم شد. میانگین صفات اندازه‌گیری شده برتری ارقام کوهدشت و چمران را در مقایسه با سایر گونه‌های گندم در سطوح مختلف شوری نشان داد.
نتیجه‌گیری: بنابراین، بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده می‌توان عنوان کرد که پیش تیمار آب شور با میدان مغناطیسی مشخص و استفاده از ارقام مناسب مانند کوهدشت و چمران، سبب بهبود عملکرد گندم می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Some vegetative changes and yield of wheat species with different ploidy levels under salinity stress and magnetic water

نویسندگان [English]

  • Esmaeil Mohammadi Beilankouhi 1
  • Adel Dabbagh Mohammadi Nasab 2
  • jalil Shafagh 3
  • Rouhollah Amini 4
1 Ph.D. Student in Agronomy, Dept. of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran.
2 Prof., Dept. of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran.
3 university of Tabriz
4 Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of the aerial parts of different species of wheat with different ploidy levels under the application of magnetic water and salinity stress,
Materials and Methods: In this regard, in order to evaluate the characteristics of the aerial parts of different species of wheat with different ploidy levels under the application of magnetic water and salinity stress, an experiment as a factorial based on a complete randomized block design with three replications in 2019 . The first factor is the type of water (normal and magnetic), the second factor is the salinity of irrigation water in three levels of 0, 3 and 6 deciSiemens per meter (sodium chloride) and the third factor is the species and cultivars of wheat.
Results: The mean leaf chlorophyll content index, vegetative traits, yield and yield components of species and wheat cultivars decreased significantly in moderate and severe salinity. Magnetizing irrigation water alleviated the negative effects of salinity stress on leaf chlorophyll content index, some vegetative traits, and wheat grain yield. The average of the measured traits showed the superiority of Kuhdasht and Chamran cultivars compared to other wheat species and cultivars in the different salinity levels.
Conclusion: Therefore, based on the results, it can be concluded that pre-treatment of salt water with a specific magnetic field and the use of suitable cultivars such as Kuhdasht and Chamran, will improve wheat yield.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • grain yield
  • magnetic water
  • salinity stress
  • water quality
  • wheat
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