ارزیابی تنوع ژنتیکی ارقام جدید گوجه‌فرنگی بر اساس صفات مورفولوژیکی و کیفیت میوه در شرایط اقلیمی شمالغرب ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی - دانشگاه مراغه

2 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه مراغه

3 بخش تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان غربی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران

4 استادیار دانشگاه مراغه

چکیده

اهداف: گوجه‌فرنگی یکی از محصولات مهم و پرمصرف بوده که هرسال ارقام اصلاح‌شده جدیدی در ایران معرفی شده و مطالعه آن‌ها به دلیل پاسخ احتمالی متفاوت در شرایط جدید کاملاً ضروری هست.
مواد و روش‌ها: به‌منظور بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی ارقام جدید گوجه‌فرنگی بر اساس صفات مورفولوژیکی در شرایط اقلیمی جنوب آذربایجان غربی آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 18 رقم شامل 2 رقم محلی و 16 هیبرید در شهرستان میاندوآب اجرا گردید.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد بوته در ارقام هیبرید Bellariva (89/4 کیلوگرم در بوته) و SV 8320 (76/4 کیلوگرم در بوته) مشاهده شد. کمترین تعداد روز تا گلدهی در رقم 10857 (45 روز) مشاهده شد. کمترین تعداد روز تا رسیدگی اولین میوه در رقم Oula (67/89 روز) مشاهده شد. رقم هیبرید CA 024 (377/121 عدد) بیشترین تعداد میوه در بوته، هیبرید Oula بالاترین درصد تبدیل گل به میوه (75 درصد)، محلی میاندوآب (3/142 گرم)، محلی ارومیه (138 گرم)، Bellariva (3/137 گرم) و SV 8320 (136 گرم) بیشترین وزن متوسط میوه را داشتند. بیشترین مواد جامد محلول در رقم هیبرید CA 024 (57/6 درصد)، بیشترین pH در ارقام هیبرید Super stone (67/4) و 10857 (67/4) و بیشترین اسیدیته در رقم محلی ارومیه (98/0 درصد) مشاهده شد. همچنین همبستگی صفات نشان داد که مؤثرترین صفات در افزایش عملکرد، وزن و تعداد میوه در بوته بود.
نتیجه‌گیری: بر اساس نتایج این پژوهش ارقام هیبرید Bellariva و SV 8320 مناسب‌ترین رقم با عملکرد بالا جهت کشت در شرایط اکولوژیکی شمال غرب کشور می‌باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of genetic diversity of new tomato cultivars based on morphological and fruit quality traits in climatic conditions of Northwest of Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farzad Rasouli 1
  • Akbar Ghorbani 2
  • Mashhid Hennareh 3
  • Asghar Ebrahimzadeh 4
1 Assist. Prof. Horticulture Department, Maragheh University
2 Horticulture Department, Maragheh University
3 Seed and Plant Improvement Research Department, West Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Urmia, Iran
4 Assistant Prof. in University
چکیده [English]

. Each year new cultivars introduced in Iran and their evaluation is necessary due to the different possible responses in the new conditions.
In order to study the genetic diversity of new tomato cultivars on morphological and fruit quality traits in the climatic conditions of South West Azerbaijan, an experiment was conducted in RCBD.
The results showed that the highest fruit yield was observed in Bellariva hybrid (4.89 kg/plant) and SV 8320 (4.76 kg/plant) cultivars. The lowest number of days to flowering was observed in cultivar of 10857 (45 days). The lowest number of days until first fruit ripening was observed in Oula cultivar (89.67 days). CA 024 hybrid cultivar revealed the highest number of fruits per plant (121.377), the highest percentage of flower to fruit set was recorded in Oula hybrid (75%), and local Miandoab (142.3 g), local Urmia (138 g), Bellariva (137.3 g) and SV 8320 (136 g) had the highest of average weight of fruit. The highest of total soluble solids were observed in hybrid cultivar CA 024 (6.57%), the highest pH was displyed in hybrid cultivars Super stone (4.67) and 10857 (4.67) and the highest acidity was recorded in local cultivar Urmia (0.98%). Also, Pearson’s correlation of traits showed that the most effective traits in increasing yield were fruit weight and number of fruits per plant.
According to the results of this study, Bellariva and SV 8320 hybrid cultivars are the most suitable high-yielding cultivars for cultivation in the ecological conditions in the northwest of Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • yield
  • preterm
  • fruit shape
  • soluble solids
  • Pearson’s correlation
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