ارزیابی بیلان انرژی و اثرات زیست محیطی نظام تولید چغندر قند با استفاده از تکنیک ارزیابی چرخه حیات (مطالعه موردی: شهرستان پیرانشهر)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیاریار بخش کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور- تهران، ایران

2 بخش تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندر قند، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی همدان

چکیده

با توجه به سطح زیر کشت بالای چغندر قند در جنوب استان آذربایجان غربی و اهمیت اقتصادی این محصول تحقیق حاضر با هدف بررسی بیلان انرژی و ... انجام گرفت.
جامعه آماری100 نفر از کشاورزان با استفاده از فرمول کوکران 80 نفر نتخاب و پرسشنامه در بین آنها پخش شد شاخص-های انرژی ورودی، انرژی خروجی، انرژی خالص به ترتیب 9/67170، 1215006 و 1147835 مگاژول برآورد شد، سوخت فسیلی، کود شیمیایی و آب آبیاری به ترتیب 29/31، 76/27 و 91/24 درصد از کل انرژی ورودی را به خود اختصاص دادند. جهت تولید یک تن چغندرقند به ترتیب 274/0، 161/0، 00161/0، 80/11 و 00074/0 کیلوگرم از هر یک از آلاینده های NH3، N2O، NOX، CO2 و CH4 وارد محیط شدند، آلاینده NH3 بیشترین سهم را در قالب گروه تأثیر اسیدیته و اوتریفیکاسیون به خود اختصاص داد. در این مطالعه شاخص نهایی گروه‌های تاثیر:گرمایش جهانی،اسیدیته، تخلیه منابع فسیلی و تخلیه منابع آبی، تخلیه منابع فسفات و پتاسیم در تولید چغندرقند در به ترتیب 01/0، 0013/0، 00049/0 و 60/0، 0195/0 برآورد شد. شاخص نهایی زیست محیطی(EcoX) و شاخص نهایی تخلیه(RDI) در تولید این محصول به ترتیب برابر 0295/0 و 0806/0 بودند.
گروه‌های تاثیر تخلیه منابع تخلیه منابع آبی و تخلیه منابع فسفات بترتیب بیشترین پتانسیل آسیب به محیط زیست را در قالب گروههای تاثیر تخلیه منابع داشتند، بنابراین با احداث سیستم های آبیاری تحت فشار با بازده آبیاری بالا به خصوص آبیاری قطره ای می‌توان با حفظ پتانسیل عملکرد چغندر قند آسیب های زیست محیطی ناشی از تخلیه منابع آبی را کاهش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of energy balance and environmental effects of sugar beet production system using life cycle assessment technique (Case study: Piranshahr city)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Marouf Khalili 1
  • HAMZE HAMZE 2
1 Associate Professor, Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
2 Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Hamedan, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study, the values of input energy, output energy, net energy in the production of sugar beet were 67170.9, 1215006 and 1147835 MJ respectively. Fossil fuels, chemical fertilizers and irrigation water accounted for 31.29, 27.76 and 24.91% of the total input energy, respectively. In this study, 0.274, 0.161, 0.00161, 11.80 and 0.00074 kg of each of NH3, N2O, NOX, CO2 and CH4 pollutants were introduced to produce one ton of sugar beet, respectively. In this study, to produce one ton of sugar beet, 0.274, 0.161, 0.00161, 11.80 and 0.00074 kg of each of NH3, N2O, NOX, CO2 and CH4 pollutants, respectively entered the environment. NH3 pollutant has the largest share in the group of the effect of acidity and utrification in the sugar beet production system. In this study, the final index of impact groups including global warming, acidity, depletion of fossil resources and depletion of water resources, depletion of phosphate and potassium resources sugar beet production in Piranshahr region were, 0.01, 0.0013, 0.00049 and 0.60, 0.095, respectively. The final environmental index (EcoX) and the final discharge index (RDI) in the production of this product were equal to 0.0295 and 0.0806, respectively.
Conclusion: In this study, the impact groups of depletion of water resources and depletion of phosphate resources had the highest potential for environmental damage, respectively, in the form of impact groups of depletion, Therefore, by constructing pressurized irrigation systems with high irrigation efficiency

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • pollutant
  • resource depletion index
  • environmental index
  • chemical fertilizer
  • input energy
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