برآورد کارایی زیست محیطی و زیان اقتصادی تولید چغندرقند در حوضه آبریز دریاچه ارومیه (بخش‌های مرکزی و نازلو چای)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

اهداف: اهداف اصلی این تحقیق برآورد کارایی زیست‌محیطی نهاده-محور تولید چغندرقند در حوضه آبریز ددریاچه ارومیه و زیان اقتصادی تولید آن می‌باشد.
مواد و روش‌ها: جامعه آماری این تحقیق چغندرکاران در بخش‌های مرکزی و نازلو چای شهرستان ارومیه بودند؛ که داده-های مورد نیاز به صورت تصادفی ساده و از طریق مصاحبه حضوری با تکمیل 100 پرسشنامه از تولیدکنندگان چغندرقند در سال زراعی 97-1396 جمع‌آوری شد. برای برآورد کارایی زیست‌محیطی، که در آن کودها و سموم شیمیایی به‌عنوان نهاده‌های مضر لحاظ شده بودند، از تابع مرز تصادفی به شکل تابعی ترانسلوگ استفاده شد. سپس زیان اقتصادی تولید چغندرقند محاسبه شد.
یافته‌ها: براساس یافته‌های تحقیق، میانگین کارایی زیست محیطی برابر با 58 درصد به دست آمد. با این توضیح که تولیدکنندگان چغندرقند می‌توانند با ثابت نگه‌داشتن مصرف سایر نهاده‌ها، مصرف نهاده‌های شیمیایی (کودها و سموم شیمیایی) را به اندازه 42 درصد کاهش داده و سطح ثابت محصول را تولید کنند. میانگین ارزش خسارت زیست‌محیطی برآورد شده برابر با 53/5 میلیون ریال بر هکتار برآورد شد. به عبارت دیگر، به دلیل ناکارا عمل کردن چغندرکاران به لحاظ زیست‌محیطی، خسارتی برابر با 53/5 میلیون ریال بر جامعه از طریق آلوده شدن محیط زیست تحمیل می شود.
پیشنهادات: توصیه می‌شود از سیاست‌های مناسبی که بتواند مصرف کودها و سموم شیمیایی را در تولید چغندرقند محدود بکند، اتخاذ بشود؛ که با این‌کار هزینه‌های تولید کاهش پیدا کرده و کشاورزان از این مسیر منتفع خواهند شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Estimating Environmental Efficiency and Economic Losses of Sugar Beet Production in Urmia Lake Basin (Central and Nazlu Chay Districts)

نویسنده [English]

  • Morteza Molaei
Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University
چکیده [English]

Objectives: The main objectives of this study are to estimate the input-oriented environmental efficiency of sugar beet production in Urmialake basin and the economic loss of its production.
Material and Methods: The statistical population of this study was sugar beet farmers in the Central and Nazlu Chay distrcits of Urmia County, and the required data were collected randomly and through face-to-face interviews with 100 questionnaires from sugar beet producers in 2017-2018. To estimate the environmental efficiency, in which fertilizers and chemical pesticides were considered as detrimental inputs, the stochastic frontier function was used as a Translog functional form. Then, the economic losses of sugar beet production were calculated.
Results: On the base of research findings, the average environmental efficiency was 58%, explaining that producers of sugar beet can keep consumption of other inputs constant, reduce the consumption of chemical inputs (fertilizers and chemical pesticides) by 42% and produce a constant level of product. The estimated average environmental damage value was 5.53 million Rials per hectare. In other words, due to the environmentally inefficient practice of sugar beet farmers, damages equal to 5.53 million Rials are imposed on the society through environmental polluting.
Suggestions: It is recommended to adopt appropriate policies that can limit the use of fertilizers and chemical pesticides in the production of sugar beet, which will reduce production costs and farmers will benefit from this way.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Environmental Efficiency
  • Economic Loss
  • Sugar beet
  • Urmia Lake Basin
  • Stochastic Frontier Production

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 32، شماره 3
آبان 1401
صفحه 319-331

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