تولید زیست‌توده و کارایی مصرف نیتروژن در کشت مخلوط شوید-شنبلیله در پاسخ به کودهای زیستی و دامی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد زراعت-اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

2 گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

3 دانشیار زراعت دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

چکیده

اهداف: سیستم کشت مخلوط گیاهان دارویی رویکردی نسبتاً جدید در جهت افزایش پایداری تولید این گیاهان است. هدف از این آزمایش بررسی پاسخ شوید و شنبلیله به کاربرد تلفیقی کودهای آلی و کودهای زیستی در سیستم کشت مخلوط بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: در آزمایش مزرعه‌ای در فصل رشد 1399، اثر سطوح کود دامی (عدم کاربرد، 6 و 12 تن در هکتار)، در شرایط تلقیح و عدم تلقیح با باکتری‌های تثبیت کننده نیتروژن بر تولید زیست‌توده، نسبت برابری زمین، نسبت برابری زمان-سطح، کارایی استفاده از زمین، کارایی زراعی کود و کارایی مصرف نیتروژن در تک‌کشتی در مقایسه با الگوهای مختلف کشت مخلوط شوید:شنبلیله (75:25، 50:50، 25:75) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که کوددهی 100 درصد و تلقیح باکتری، کاهش زیست‌توده ناشی از کاهش نسبت کشت شنبلیله را جبران نمود که منجر به افزایش کارایی کود و مصرف نیتروژن و سودمندی کل سیستم در نسبت‌های کشت 75:25 و 50:50 شوید:شنبلیله شد. با وجود کاهش تولید زیست‌توده با کاهش نسبت شوید در کشت مخلوط، تولید در شرایط تلقیح با باکتری و 50 درصد کوددهی تفاوت معنی‌داری با کاربرد 100 درصد کوددهی نشان نداد که منجر به افزایش کارایی کود و مصرف نیتروژن و سودمندی سیستم در این شرایط شد.
نتیجه‌گیری: براساس نتایج، نسبت‌های کشت مخلوط 75:25 و 50:50 شوید:شنبلیله در شرایط کوددهی 100 درصد و تلقیح باکتری می‌تواند منجر به افزایش سودمندی کل و کارایی مصرف نیتروژن شود. جهت تولید پایدار شوید، نسبت کشت 25:75 شوید:شنبلیله در شرایط کاربرد 50 درصد کود دامی و تلقیح با باکتری قابل توصیه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Biomass Production and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Dill-Fenugreek Intercropping in Response to Biofertilizers and Manure

نویسندگان [English]

  • Vahid Babakhani 1
  • Enayatollah Tohidi-Nejad 2
  • Gholamreza Khajoei-Nejad 3
  • Jalal Ghanbari 2
1 MSc Student in Agronomy- Crop Ecology, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran.
2 Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran.
3 Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: Medicinal plants’ intercropping system is a relatively new approach to enhance their sustainable production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of fenugreek-dill to the integrated application of manure and bio-fertilizers in the intercropping system.
Materials and Methods: In a field experiment during the growing season of 2020, the effect of manure levels (no application, 6 and 12 t ha-1), either inoculated or non-inoculated with N-fixing bacteria on biomass production, land equivalent ratio (LER), Area-time equivalent ratio, land use efficiency, agronomy efficiency of fertilizer (AEF), and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in monoculture compared to different intercropping patterns of dill:fenugreek (75:25, 50:50, and 25:75) were examined.
Results: The results showed that the decrease in biomass production due to the decrease of fenugreek cropping ratio was compensated by 100% fertilization and bacterial inoculation which led to an increase in NUE, AEF, LERf, and the whole system advantageous in 75:25 and 50:50 dill:fenugreek intercropping ratios. Despite the decrease in biomass production and NUE with decreasing dill ratio in intercropping, biomass production under bacterial inoculation and 50% fertilization did not show any significant difference with 100% manure application, which led to increased AEF, NUE, and LER in these conditions.
Conclusion: According to the results, 25:75 and 50:50 dill:fenugreek intercropping ratios under 100% fertilization and bacterial inoculation can increase the total advantageous indices and NUE. For sustainable production of dill, 75:25 dill:fenugreek intercropping ratio inoculated with bacteria in 50% manure application can be recommended.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agronomic efficiency of fertilizer
  • Growth promoting bacteria
  • Land equivalent ratio
  • Land use efficiency
  • Legumes
  • Medicinal plants
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