بهبود صفات رشدی و عملکرد اسانس ریحان (.Ocimum basilicum L) با کاربرد اینتروباکتر و محلول‌پاشی سیلیس در شرایط کم‌آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

2 دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

3 استادیار گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

4 دکتری زراعت، گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

5 دکتری اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران

چکیده

اهداف: کمبود آب از مهم‌ترین عوامل محدود‌کننده رشد و نمو گیاهانی مانند ریحان است که کاربرد باکتری‌های افزاینده رشد و سیلیس موجب بهبود آن‌ها می‌شوند. در همین راستا پژوهشی با هدف بررسی اثر باکتری اینتروباکتر و محلول‌پاشی سیلیس بر ویژگی‌های رشدی و فیزیولوژیک ریحان در شرایط کم‌آبیاری اجرا شد.
مواد و روش‌ها: این پژوهش به‌صورت کرت‌های خرد شده فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. عامل اصلی آبیاری در سه سطح (دور آبیاری دو، سه و چهار روز) و عامل فرعی باکتری اینتروباکتر در دو سطح (شاهد و تلقیح) و سیلیس در چهار غلظت (0، 6X، 6C و 12X) بودند.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد آبیاری سه و چهار روز به‌تنهایی موجب کاهش صفات رشدی و برخی صفات فیزیولوژیک گردید. اما شاخص کلروفیل برگ در دور آبیاری سه و چهار روز و درصد و عملکرد اسانس در آبیاری چهار روز افزایش 11 تا 29 درصدی را نشان دادند. در شرایط کم‌آبیاری، افزودن سیلیس 12X در برخی از صفات بسیار مفید واقع شد. بکارگیری باکتری همراه با سیلیس 12X توانست کلروفیل a و a+b را در شرایط آبیاری کامل و عملکرد ماده خشک را در شرایط کم‌آبیاری بهبود ببخشد. اما در شرایط کم‌آبیاری، کاربرد سیلیس 12X درصد و عملکرد اسانس را به بالاترین میزان بهبود بخشید.
نتیجه‌گیری: در مجموع تأثیر مثبت سیلیس بر بهبود صفات رشدی و فیزیولوژیک ریحان بیشتر از باکتری بود. به‌علاوه سیلیس با غلظت بالا (X) نتایج بهتری نسبت به غلظت پایین (C) نشان داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Improvement of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Vegetative Traits and Essential Oil Yield Using Enterobacter sp. and Silica Foliar Application under Water Deficit Irrigation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Narges Khormani 1
  • Hemmatollah Pirdashti 2
  • Arastoo Abbasian 3
  • Mehranoosh Emamian Tabarestani 4
  • Zahra Noori Akandi 5
1 MSc. of Agronomy, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
2 Department of Agronomy, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University. Sari. Iran
4 Ph.D. of Agronomy, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
5 Ph.D. of Crop Ecology, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background & Objective: Water deficit is one of the most important factors limiting the crops performance like basil. Using growth-promoting bacteria along with silica could improve them. Accordingly, the present research was conducted to investigate the effect of Enterobacter sp. and foliar application of silica on vegetative and physiological characteristics of basil under water deficit irrigation.
Methods & Materials: This research was conducted in a split factorial arrangement based on randomized complete block design. The main plot was irrigation levels (two, three and four days) and sub-plots were Enterobacter (inoculation and control) and silica concentrations (0, 6C, 6X and 12X).
Results: Results showed that irrigation with three- and four-days intervals reduced vegetative and some physiological traits alone. However, SPAD in irrigation with three and four days intervals and essential oil percentage (EOP) and yield in four days intervals showed an increase at the range of 11 and 29%. 12X silica was very useful in some of these traits with increasing irrigation intervals. Although using bacteria inoculation with 12X silica was able to produce the highest amount of chlorophyll a and a+b in complete irrigation and dry matter yield in water deficit irrigation. However, when plants grown under water deficit irrigation, using 12X silica was maximally improved the EOP and yield.
Conclusion: In conclusion, the positive effect of silica was more pronounced than Enterobacter on improving the vegetative and physiological traits of basil. In addition, silica with high concentration (X) showed better results than low (C) concentration.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Basil
  • Drought
  • Entrobacter bacteria
  • Essential oil
  • Silica
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