استفاده از روش نوین برای سنجش میزان پایداری در سیستم های کشاورزی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مغان، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

2 عضو هیئت علمی گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی ماشین‌های کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه

چکیده

تصمیم‌گیری درباره این موضوع که کدام الگوی کشت مطابقت بیشتری با کشاورزی پایدار دارد، کار آسانی به نظر نمی‌رسد. در این پژوهش ضمن اندازه‌گیری برخی شاخص‌های مهم از جمله درآمد خالص، تعداد عملیات مکانیزه، سوخت مصرفی، بهره‌وری آب، سم و کود شیمیادی مصرفی، نسبت انرژی، شدت انرژی و میزان استراتژیک بودن آن در تولید پایدار محصولات کشاورزی در دشت مغان، برای اولین بار با استفاده از روش نوین، بهترین الگوی کشت معرفی گردید. نتایج نشان داد، محصول سیر بیشترین درآمد خالص، کمترین تعداد عملیات مکانیزه، کمترین سوخت مصرفی، بیشترین تعداد نفرکارگرروز در هکتار، کمترین کود شیمیایی مصرفی، پایین ترین نسبت و شدت انرژی با کمترین مقدار استراتژیک بودن دارا است. کشت بادام زمینی کمترین مقدار سم مصرفی و الگوی کشت گندم-ذرت علوفه‌ای بیشترین بهره‌وری آب، بیشترین سوخت و کود شیمیائی مصرفی را در یک سال زراعی دارد. همچنین بیشترین کود شیمیائی مصرفی هم از آنِ الگوی گندم-ذرت دانه‌ای است. بیشترین و کمترین نسبت انرژی نیز به ترتیب مربوط به الگوی کلزا-ذرت دانه‌ای و سیر و بیشترین و کمترین شدت انرژی به ترتیب به الگوهای کلزا-ذرت دانه‌ای و سیر اختصاص دارد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که الگوی کشت گندم-ذرت علوفه‌ای با 78/0 CL*= بیشترین میزان مطابقت (جایگاه اول) با الگوی کشاورزی پایدار در بین الگوهای رایج در منطقه مغان دارد و علی رغم اینکه کشت سیر بیشترین درآمد خالص را عاید کشاورز می‌کند، لیکن به دلیل نیاز به نیروی کارگری بیشتر و کمترین نسبت انرژی (44/1= ER) در جایگاه‌های پایین رتبه‌بندی کشاورزی پایدار قرار دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Application of a new method evaluating the sustainability for agricultural systems

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Mirzazadeh 1
  • Yaegoob Raey 2
  • Mehdi Hakimzadeh 3
1 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources (Moghan), University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Iran.
2 Full Professor - Ecophysiology plant- College of Agriculture - University of Tabriz. Iran.
3 Master Student, Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study, while measuring some important indicators such as net income, number of mechanized operations, fuel consumption, water efficiency, pesticides and chemical fertilizers used, energy ratio, energy intensity and its strategic level in sustainable production of agricultural products in Moghan plain For the first time, using a new method, the best cultivation pattern that is most compatible with sustainable agriculture was introduced. The results showed that among the cultivation patterns, garlic cultivation had the highest net income, the least number of mechanized operations, the least fuel consumption, the highest number of workers per hectare, the lowest chemical fertilizer consumption, the lowest ratio and energy intensity. It has the least amount of strategy. Peanut cultivation requires the least amount of pesticide and wheat-silage corn cultivation pattern with Maximum water efficiency requires the most fuel and chemical fertilizer. Also, most of the chemical fertilizers used are allocated to the wheat-corn pattern. The highest and lowest energy ratios are related to canola-corn and garlic patterns, respectively, and the highest and lowest specific energy are related to canola-corn and garlic patterns, respectively. The results also showed that the wheat-silage corn cultivation pattern with CL* = 0.78 had the highest correlation with the sustainable agriculture pattern among the common patterns in the Moghan region. And despite the fact that garlic cultivation brings the highest net income to the farmer, but due to the need for more labor and the lowest energy ratio (ER = 1.44) is in the lower ranks of sustainable agriculture.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cultivation
  • Pattern
  • Sustainable
  • Agriculture
  • Production Indices
  • MCDM

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 32، شماره 4
دی 1401
صفحه 337-350

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