تعدیل اثرات تنش خشکی و بهبود شاخص های کیفی میوه با کاربرد خارجی متیل جاسمونات درگیاه دارویی فیسالیس (Physalis peruviana L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران

2 ددانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

اهداف: در سال‏ های اخیر استفاده از ترکیبات سالم و زیست‏سازگار برای کاهش خسارت ناشی از تنش خشکی مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. در این مطالعه تاثیر کاربرد خارجی متیل جاسمونات در تعدیل اثرات تنش خشکی و بهبود آنتی اکسیدانی گیاه دارویی فیسالیس بررسی شد.
مواد و روش ها:. تنش خشکی در ۳ سطح (50، 75 و 100 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) به عنوان فاکتور اول و محلول‌پاشی غلظت-های مختلف متیل جاسمونات در ۳ سطح (۰، ۱۰ و ۱۰۰ میکرومولار) به عنوان فاکتور دوم اعمال شد.
یافته ها: تنش خشکی به طور معنی‌داری میزان وزن تر و خشک، محتوای نسبی آب برگ، کلروفیل a وb ، کاروتنوئید و بتاکارتن برگ گیاه فیسالیس را کاهش داد در حالی که میزان فنل و فلاونوئید کل، فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی برگ و میوه، قند محلول، پرولین و مالون دی آلدهید برگ در شرایط تنش خشکی افزایش یافتند. محلول‌پاشی متیل جاسمونات با تاثیر بر محتوای نسبی آب برگ، حفظ کلروفیل و پایداری غشا (کاهش مالون دی آلدهید)، افزایش میزان محلول‌های سازگار برگ (قند محلول و پرولین) و میزان فنل و فلاونوئید کل، میزان فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی برگ و میوه فیسالیس توانست اثرات منفی تنش خشکی را کاهش دهد به طوری که وزن‏تر میوه با محلول‏پاشی 100 میکرومولار متیل جاسمونات، 73/54 درصد در سطح دوم تنش، افزایش یافت.
نتیجه گیری: نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که محلول پاشی متیل جاسمونات به خصوص در غلظت 100 میکرومولار می‏تواند اثرات تنش خشکی را در گیاه دارویی فیسالیس کاهش داده و باعث بهبود خصوصیات آنتی اکسیدانی، وزن میوه و در نتیجه عملکرد گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Modulation of drought stress effects and improvement of fruit quality indices with exogenous application of methyl jasmonate in physalis plants (Physalis peruviana L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Raheleh Ghasemzadeh 1
  • Sevda i Mojarab Gushchi 2
1 Assistance professor, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Iran
2 Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia
چکیده [English]

Background & Adjective: In the recent years, studies have been focusing on the use of safe and biocompatible compounds to reduce the damage caused by drought stress. In this study, the effect of exogenous application of methyl jasmonate in modulating the effects of drought stress on Physalis plants and improvement of antioxidant activity was evaluated.
Material & Methods: In the present study, drought stress at 3 levels (100, 75 and 50 % of field capacity) and different concentrations of methyl jasmonate at 3 levels (0, 10 and 100 μM) were used as the experimental factors.
Results: According to the results, drought stress significantly reduced fresh and dry weight, relative water content, chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids and beta-carotene in physalis leaves while total phenol and flavonoid content and antioxidant activity (fruits and leaves), soluble sugar, proline and malondialdehyde (leaves) increased under drought stress conditions. Foliar application with methyl jasmonate reduced the negative effects of drought stress in physalis plants by affecting the relative water content, chlorophyll content, membrane stability (decrease of malondialdehyde), and increasing compatible solutions (soluble sugar and proline), total phenol and flavonoids and antioxidant activity so that the fresh weight of the fruit increased (54.73%) by spraying 100 μM methyl jasmonate in the second level of stress.
Conclusion: In general, the results of the study showed that foliar application of methyl jasmonate, especially at 100 μM concentration, reduced the effects of drought stress on the physalis plants, and improved antioxidant activity and fruit weight, thus improving the yield.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant
  • Chlorophyll
  • Fruit weight
  • Malondialdehyde
  • Proline
  • Soluble sugar
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