واکنش گیاه گوار (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) به محلول‌پاشی سالیسیلیک‌اسید تحت سطوح مختلف آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، گروه زراعت. دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

2 زراعت،کشاورزی،شهید باهنر،کرمان،ایران

3 استادیار. گروه اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

چکیده

اهداف: گوار (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) گیاهی یکساله و گرمسیری از خانواده بقولات است که به‌دلیل مقاوم بودن به شرایط کم‌آبی، گزینه‌ای مناسب برای تولید دانه در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک است. همچنین سالیسیلیک اسید به‌عنوان هورمون گیاهی مهم، واکنش گیاه را به تنش‌های محیطی از جمله تنش خشکی، تغییر می‌دهد.
مواد و روش‌ها: به‌همین منظور آزمایشی جهت بررسی اثر محلول‌پاشی سالیسیلیک‌اسید بر صفات مورفولوژیکی، فیزیولوژیکی، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گوار تحت شرایط تنش خشکی به‌صورت کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار صورت پذیرفت. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل سه سطح آبیاری (45، 65 و 85 درصد ظرفیت زراعی؛ عامل اصلی) و چهار غلظت سالیسیلیک اسید ( صفر، 5/0، 1 و2 میلی مولار؛ عامل فرعی) بودند. محلول‌پاشی سالیسیلیک‌اسید در سه مرحله پنج برگی، گلدهی و غلاف‌دهی گیاهان صورت گرفت.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که افزایش شدت تنش خشکی سبب کاهش معنی‌دار تمامی صفات به استثنای میزان پروتئین دانه شد. اثر سالیسیلیک‌اسید نیز بر تمامی صفات به استثنای وزن هزار دانه معنی‌دار بود. محلول‌پاشی سالیسیلیک اسید با غلظت 1 میلی-مولار در شرایط آبیاری 85 و 65 درصد ظرفیت زراعی منجر به حصول بیشترین عملکرد دانه شد.
نتیجه‌گیری: در اکثر صفات مورد بررسی بین غلظت‌های 2 و 1 میلی‌مولار اختلاف آماری معنی‌داری وجود نداشت اما با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده می‌توان اظهار داشت که محلول‌پاشی سالیسیلیک‌اسید با غلظت 1 میلی مولار می‌تواند از اثرات منفی تنش بکاهد و آبیاری گیاه در شرایط 65 درصد ظرفیت زراعی را امکان‌پذیر سازد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Reaction of Guam (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) to foliar application of salicylic acid under different levels of irrigation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Somayeh Mohammadi Sardou 1
  • enayatollah tohidi nejad 2
  • Mehdi Mohayeji 3
1 Master of Science. Department of Agronomy and Plant Breed, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahounar University. Kerman Province, Kerman, Iran
2 agronomy ,agriculture. shahid bahonar. kerman. iran
3 Assist. Prof. Department of Agronomy and Plant Breed, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahounar University. Kerman Province, Kerman, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Background & Objective: Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) is an annual and tropical plant of the legume family that is suitable for seed production in arid and semi-arid regions due to its resistance to drought.
Methods & Materials: Therefore for studying the effects of salicylic acid on morphological, physiological characteristics, yield and yield components of Guar under at three levels of field capacity (drought stress), a split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with four replicates was conducted in Jiroft in Kerman province, Iran. The experimental treatments were included three levels of irrigation (45, 65 and 85% of field capacity as main factor) and four concentrations of salicylic acid (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 mM as the sub factor). Foliar application of salicylic acid was carried out in three five-leaf, flowering and pod stages.
Results: Results showed that by reducing soil moisture (from 85 to 45% FC) significantly decreased all traits except grain protein. The effect of salicylic acid was also significant on all traits except for 1000-grain weight. Foliar application of 1mM salicylic acid at 85% and 65% of field capacity resulted in the highest grain yield.
Conclusion: There was no statistically significant difference between 2 and 1 mM concentrations in most of the studied traits, so, it can be concluded that foliar application of salicylic acid at a 1 mM concentration can reduce the negative effects of decreasing soil moisture, Finally 65% of field capacity it can be introduced as superior level for irrigation of Guar.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Drought stress
  • Salicylic acid
  • Grain yield
  • Guar
  • irrigation
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