تعیین دوره بحرانی کنترل علف‌های هرز سیر (Allium sativum) در مدیریت تغذیه شیمیایی و آلی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مبارزه با علف‌های هرز، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان

2 هیات علمی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان

3 استادیار، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان

چکیده

اهداف: زمان مناسب مهار علف‌های هرز نقش اساسی در کاهش تداخل آنها و رشد بهینه گیاهان زراعی دارد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر تعیین دوره بحرانی کنترل علف‌های هرز سیر در مدیریت تغذیه شیمیایی و آلی در شهرستان رامهرمز بود.

مواد و روش‌ها: آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در سال زراعی 1397-1398 در رامهرمز انجام شد. فاکتور اول شامل مدیریت تغذیه (شیمیایی و آلی) و فاکتور دوم شامل 12 تیمار دوره‌های تداخل و کنترل علف‌های هرز (0، 20، 40،60، 80، 120 و 160 روز) بود.جهت تعیین دوره بحرانی کنترل علف-های هرز از تجزیه رگرسیون (معادلات لجستیک و گامپرتز) استفاده گردید.

یافته‌ها:
وزن خشک علف‌های هرز در شرایط تداخل، با افزایش درجه روز رشد در شرایط مدیریت تغذیه شیمیایی نسبت به مدیریت آلی بیشتر بود. همچنین وزن سوخ، عملکرد بیولوژیک و عملکرد سوخ در شرایط مدیریت تغذیه آلی نسبت به شیمیایی بیشتر بود. نتایج نشان‌داد که شروع دوره بحرانی در شرایط کاربرد کودهای آلی نسبت به کودهای شیمیایی دیرتر می‌باشد. همچنین پایان دوره بحرانی در شرایط کاربرد کود‌های شیمیایی نسبت به کود آلی نیز دیرتر پیش‌بینی گردید. با 5 درصد کاهش عملکرد شروع، پایان و طول مدت دوره بحرانی علف‌های هرز در مدیریت آلی به ترتیب 202، 1518 و 1316 درجه روز رشد و در شرایط مدیریت شیمیایی به ترتیب 210، 1638 و 1428 درجه روز رشد تخمین زده شد.

نتیجه‌گیری: بر اساس نتایج، دوره بحرانی کنترل علف‌های هرز در مدیریت تغذیه آلی (120 روز) نسبت به مدیریت شیمیایی (127 روز) کوتاه‌تر می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determining Critical Period for Weed Control of Garlic (Allium sativum) in Chemical and Organic nutrition Management

نویسندگان [English]

  • reza zahadipour 1
  • Aydin Khodaei joghan 2
  • ahmad zare 3
1 Assistant Prof., Plant Production and Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan
2 faculty member at agricultural sciences and natural resources university of khouzestan
3 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan
چکیده [English]

Background & Objective: Weeds control is very important to achieve optimal yield in agricultural products. The purpose of this study was to determine the critical period for weed control (CPWC).of garlic in chemical and organic nutrition management in Ramhormoz.
Materials & Methods: A factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) was carried out in 2019—2020 with three replications in Khuzestan-Ramhormoz province. The first factor included nutritional management (chemical and organic) and the second factor included 12 treatments of interference and control period of weeds (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 120 and 160 days).
Results: Determining the critical period of garlic weed control in two chemical and organic nutrition management revealed that the beginning of the critical period in organic application will be happen later than chemical fertilizers. Also, the end of the critical period in chemical application of was predicted later than fertilizers. Also, the end of the critical period in application chemical was predicted later than organic fertilizers. The length of the critical period for weed control was higher than in chemical than chemical application compared to organic fertilizers. With 5% loss yield, the beginning, end and length duration of the critical period for weeds control in organic management were 202, 1518 and 1316 GDD and in application chemical fertilizers were estimated 210, 1638 and 1428 GDD respectively.
Conclusion: The results indicated that length duration critical period for weed control in organic nutrition management (120 days) will be shorter than chemical management (127 days).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bulb yield
  • Competition
  • Growing degree days
  • Length of the critical period
  • Weeds interference
  • Yield loss

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 33، شماره 2
تیر 1402
صفحه 239-252

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