اثر سیستم های مختلف خاک‏ورزی بر صفات مرتبط با عمکرد و کیفیت دانه ارقام نخود پاییزه (Cicer arietinum L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه

2 گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

3 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران

چکیده

اهداف: این مطالعه به منظور بررسی اثر روش‏های مختلف خاکورزی شامل حفاظتی و مرسوم بر صفات مرتبط با عملکرد و کیفیت دانه چند رقم نخود پاییزه اجرا گردید.
مواد و روش‌ها: آزمایش بصورت اسپلیت‏پلات بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار در سال زراعی 1400-1399 اجرا شد. روش‏های خاک‏ورزی شامل خاک‌ورزی مرسوم، خاک‌ورزی کاهشی و بدون خاک‏ورزی به عنوان فاکتور اصلی و ارقام نخود (عادل، آرمان، هاشم، منصور، آزاد، آزکان، آکسو و گوکسو) به عنوان فاکتور فرعی لحاظ شدند.
یافته‌ها: در بین صفات مورد بررسی تنها وزن صددانه به طور معنی‌داری تحت تاثیر سیستم‌های خاک‌ورزی و اثر متقابل خاک‌ورزی و رقم قرار گرفت. بالاترین وزن صددانه (42 گرم) در رقم آکسو تحت سیستم بدون خاک‌ورزی به دست آمد، در صورتی که کمترین مقدار این صفت در هر سه سیستم خاک‌ورزی در ارقام آرمان و هاشم ثبت شد. با وجود این، اثر رقم بر صفات وزن صددانه، تعداد غلاف در بوته، شاخص برداشت، شاخص تلاش زادآوری و درصد پروتئین دانه معنی‌دار بود. بالاترین شاخص برداشت (47 درصد) در رقم عادل و بیشترین میزان پروتئین دانه (19 درصد) در رقم منصور مشاهده شد.
نتیجه‌گیری: به طور کلی، یافته های این پژوهش نشان داد، عملکرد نخود و صفات مرتبط با آن (به استثنای وزن صددانه) و نیز کیفیت دانه به طور معنی‌داری تحت تاثیر روش‌های خاک‌ورزی قرار نگرفتند. بین ارقام مورد بررسی نیز از نظر عملکرد دانه تفاوت معنی‌داری دیده نشد، اگرچه اختلاف بین آن‌ها از نظر برخی از صفات مرتبط با عملکرد و نیز درصد پروتئین دانه معنی‌دار بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of different tillage systems on yield-related traits and seed quality of autumn-seeded chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars

نویسندگان [English]

  • Gholamreza Mohammadi 1
  • Ali Rashidzadeh 2
  • Payam Pezeshkpour 3
1 Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
2 Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
3 The Center of Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education, Lorestan, Khoram Abad, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different tillage systems including conservation and conventional on yield-related traits and seed quality of some autumn-seeded chickpea cultivars.
Materials and Methods: The experiment was carried out as split plot based on a completely randomized block design during the 1399-1400 growing season. Tillage systems including conventional, reduced and no tillage were arranged as main factor and chickpea cultivars (Adel, Arman, Hashem, Mansour, Azad, Azkan, Aksu and Goksu) were arranged as sub factor.
Results: Among the traits under study only 100-seed weight was significantly affected by tillage systems and the interaction between tillage and cultivar. The highest 100-seed weight (42 g) was obtained for Aksu under no till system whereas, the lowest value was recorded for Arman and Hashem under all three tillage systems. However, the effect of cultivar on 100-seed weight, the number of pods per plant, harvest index, reproductive effort index and seed protein percent was significant. The highest harvest index (47%) and protein percent (19%) were observed in Adel and Mansour, respectively.
Conclusion: Overall, the findings of this research showed that chickpea yield and related traits (excluding 100-seed weight) as well as grain quality were not significantly affected by tillage systems. There was no significant difference in grain yield between the studied cultivars, although the difference between them was significant in terms of some yield-related traits and grain protein percent.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Conventional Tillage
  • No Tillage
  • Rainfall Efficiency
  • Reduced Tillage
  • Reproductive Effort Index
  • Seed Protein
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