اثر کودهای بیولوژیک و نانو بر خصوصیات رشدی و عملکرد لوبیای چشم‌بلبلی (Vigna unguiculata L.) در منطقه جیرفت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 جیرفت- خیابان دولت- سازمان تعاون روستایی جنوب کرمان - طبقه دوم- اتاق 7

2 بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی جنوب استان کرمان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، جیرفت،

3 دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد جیرفت، جیرفت، ایران

4 گروه علوم زراعی و باغی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

یکی از ارکان اساسی در کشاورزی پایدار استفاده از کودهای بیولوژیک با هدف حذف یا کاهش مصرف نهاده‌های شیمیایی است. در سال‌های اخیر نانو کودها به‌‌عنوان یک راهکار کارآمد به‌منظور کاهش تلفات عناصر غذایی و افزایش کارایی مصرف کودها مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی اثر کودهای بیولوژیک و کودهای نانو بر عملکرد و صفات مورفولوژیک لوبیای چشم‌بلبلی به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی طی دو سال زراعی متوالی (98-1397 و 99-1398) انجام شد. فاکتورهای مورد مطالعه شامل چهار سطح کودهای بیولوژیک (شاهد، آمینوکلات روی، آمینوالکسین و بیوبیست) و چهار سطح نانوکلات‌ها (شاهد، نانو کلات بور، نانوکلات پتاسیم و نانو کلات آهن) بود. نتایج نشان داد که اثر سال بر صفات مورد مطالعه معنی‌دار نبود. این در حالی است که کاربرد کودهای بیولوژیک بویژه بیوبیست و پس از آن آمینوالکسین سبب دستیابی به بیش‌ترین میزان خصوصیات رشدی و عملکرد شد. همچنین در بین کودهای نانوکلات آهن و پس از آن پتاسیم بیشترین تاثیر مثبت را داشت. بررسی اثر متقابل نشان داد که کم‌ترین میزان خصوصیات رشدی و عملکرد مربوط به شاهد بود. این در حالیست که بیش‌ترین میزان ارتفاع بوته، تعداد گل، تعداد غلاف در بوته، طول غلاف، تعداد دانه در غلاف و بوته، وزن صد دانه و عملکرد دانه و کاه در کاربرد بیوبیست همراه نانوکلات آهن و پتاسیم مشاهده شد. باتوجه به‌نتایج حاصل از آزمایش، کاربرد توأم کودهای بیولوژیک بویژه بیوبیست همراه نانوکلات آهن و پتاسیم سبب بهبود معنی‌دار خصوصیات رشدی، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد لوبیا چشم بلبلی شد

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of biological and nano fertilizers on growth characteristics and yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • fatemeh mirsardoo 1
  • gholamreza afsharmanesh 2
  • ahmad aien 2
  • soheila kourepaz 3
  • hossein heydari sharif abad 4
1 PhD Student of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding,Faculty of Agriculcure , Islamic Azad university of jiroft branch, Iran
2 South Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Jiroft, Iran
3 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Jiroft Branch, Jiroft, Iran
4 4 Department of Crop and Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food Industry, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

One of the basic pillars of sustainable agriculture is the use of biological fertilizers with the aim of eliminating or reducing the use of chemical fertilizers. in recent years, nano fertilizers have been considered an effective solution to reduce nutrient losses and increase fertilizer use efficiency. In this regard, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of biological and nano fertilizers on the yield and morphological traits of cowpea in a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design for two consecutive years (2018-2020). The studied factors included 4 levels of biological fertilizers (control, Amino Zn-chelate, AminoAlexin, and Bio-20) and 4 levels of nano chelates (control, Nano B-chelate, Nano K-chelate, and Nano Fe-chelate). The results showed that years had no significant effect on the studied traits. However, the application of biofertilizers, especially Bio-20, followed by AminoAlexin, achieved the highest growth characteristics and yield. Also, among nano chelate fertilizers, iron and that potassium had the most positive effect. The study of interaction effects showed that the lowest growth characteristics and yield were observed at the control treatment. However, the highest plant height, number of flowers, number of pods per plant, pod length, number of seeds per pod and plant, 100-seed weight, and seed and straw yield were observed in Bio-20 application along with nano Fe-chelate and/or nano K-chelate. In general, we found that the combined application of biological fertilizers, especially Bio-20, along with nano Fe-chelate and nano K-chelate significantly improved the growth characteristics, yield, and yield components of cowpea.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Amino chelate
  • Biological fertilizer
  • Cowpea
  • Nano chelate
  • Nano Fe-chelate
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