پتانسیل گیاه‌پالایی کاملینا (Camelina sativa) در خاک آلوده به سرب و کادمیم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد حاصلخیزی و زیست‌فناوری خاک، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

3 دکتری علوم خاک، گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه زنجان، ایران.

4 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی، دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه، ایران

5 دکتری علوم خاک، گروه علوم خاک دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

اهداف: با پیشرفت صنایع مختلف ذوب فلزات، معدن‌کاوی و صنایع شیمیایی، فلزات سنگین به‌طور مستقیم و غیرمستقیم وارد محیط‌زیست می‌شوند. روش‌های فیزیکی و شیمیایی پاک‌سازی خاک از فلزات سنگین به دلیل هزینه‌های بالا و زمان‌بر بودن کمتر کاربرد دارند، گیاه‌پالایی راه‌حلی کم‌هزینه و نسبتاً سریع در رفع آلودگی خاک است و موجب افزایش تنوع زیستی، کاهش فرسایش و افزایش حاصلخیزی خاک می‌شود.
مواد و روش‌ها: در این مطالعه پتانسیل گیاه‌پالایی گیاه کاملینا در حذف فلزات سنگین سرب و کادمیم از خاک بررسی شد. آزمایش در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با تیمارهای کادمیم (صفر، 3، 5 و 10 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم) و سرب (صفر، 100، 300 و 600 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم) با سه تکرار در گلخانه تحقیقاتی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه رازی انجام شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش غلظت سرب و کادمیم، میزان انباشت این عناصر در ریشه گیاه کاملینا به‌صورت معنی‌داری افزایش یافت. اکثر ویژگی‌های بیولوژیک خاک در بالاترین غلظت به‌کاررفته کادمیم و سرب به‌طور معنی‌داری نسبت به شاهد کاهش یافت.
نتیجه‌گیری: بالا بودن غلظت سرب و کادمیم در ریشه گیاه کاملینا مورد مطالعه و اندک بودن فاکتور انتقال این عناصر، بیانگر کارایی بیشتر این گیاه جهت استفاده در تکنیک تثبیت گیاهی می‌باشد و نمی‌توان از این گیاه برای استخراج فلزات سنگین سرب و کادمیم از خاک استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Phytoremediation potential in Camelina (Camelina sativa) in a Pb and Cd polluted soil

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zeinab Azadbakht 1
  • Ali Beheshti Ale Agha 2
  • Fatemeh Rakhsh 3
  • danial kahrizi 4
  • Mahin Karami 5
1 MSc in Soil Fertility and Biotechnology, Department of Soil Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
3 Ph.D. in Soil Sciences, Department of Soil Sciences, Zanjan University, Iran.
4 Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Science and Agriculture Engineering, University of Razi, Kermanshah, Iran
5 Ph.D. in Soil Sciences, Department of Soil Science, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: Heavy metals enter the environment directly and indirectly with the development of various industries of metal smelting, mining, and chemical industries. Physical and chemical methods of soil purification from heavy metals are used due to high costs and less time-consuming. Phytoremediation is a low-cost and relatively fast solution to soil pollution and increases biodiversity, reduces erosion, and increases soil fertility.
Materials and Methods: In this study, the phytoremediation potential of the Camelina plant in removing heavy metals Pb and Cd from soil was investigated. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with Cd (0, 3, 5, and 10 mg/kg) and Pb (0, 100, 300, and 600 mg/kg) treatments with 3 replications in the greenhouse of Razi University in Kermanshah.
Results: The results showed that with increasing the concentration of Pb and Cd, the accumulation of these elements in the roots of the Camelina plant increased significantly. Most soil biological properties at the highest concentrations of Cd and Pb were significantly reduced compared to the control.
Conclusion: The high concentration of Pb and Cd in the roots of the plant and the low transfer factor of these elements, indicate the greater efficiency of this plant for use in plant stabilization techniques, and we cannot be used to extract heavy metals lead and cadmium from soil.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • heavy metals
  • plant stabilization
  • soil pollution
  • soil quality
  • transfer factor
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