تأثیر کودهای زیستی و محلول پاشی آهن و روی بر برخی صفات مورفولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی گیاه شوید (Anethum graveolens L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز

2 گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز. ایران.

3 گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

4 دانش آموخته دکتری فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

چکیده

امروزه استفاده از گیاهان دارویی به عنوان یکی از موثرترین روش‌ها در زمینه‌های سلامت و تجارت در دنیا در حال افزایش است. از میان عوامل مورد نیاز گیاه، عناصر کم‌مصرف نقش بسیار مهمی در تغذیه و افزایش عملکرد گیاهان ایفا می‌کنند. در سال‌های اخیر به علت توجه روزافزون به تولید محصولات غذایی سالم و نیز در راستای جلوگیری از اثرات مضر کودهای شیمیایی، استفاده از کودهای زیستی مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و اسانس گیاه دارویی شوید در واکنش به کودهای زیستی فسفوزیست و نیتروزیست و محلول‌پاشی عناصر روی و آهن اجرا گردید. آزمایش به‌صورت بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل محلول‌پاشی با عناصر روی، آهن و محلول‌پاشی توأم روی و آهن و تیمارهای کود زیستی شامل کاربرد کود زیستی فسفوزیست، نیتروزیست، کاربرد توأم کودهای زیستی فسفوزیست و نیتروزیست و شاهد بودند. نتایج نشان داد که بیش‌ترین ارتفاع بوته، تعداد چتر در بوته، تعداد چترک در چتر، تعداد دانه در چترک، درصد و عملکرد اسانس اندام هوایی از ترکیب تیماری کاربرد تلفیقی کودهای زیستی نیتروزیست و فسفوزیست حاصل شد که تفاوت معنی‌داری با ترکیب تیماری محلول‌پاشی توأم روی و آهن نداشت. از لحاظ عملکرد دانه، وزن خشک ریشه و درصد و عملکرد اسانس دانه، کاربرد کودهای زیستی برتری بارزی نسبت به سایر تیمارها داشت. بر اساس نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش، به منظور افزایش عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و اسانس در گیاه شوید کاربرد تلفیقی کودهای زیستی نیتروزیست و فسفوزیست به عنوان مطلوب‌ترین تیمار تغذیه‌ای شناسایی شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Biofertilizers and Foliar Application of Iron and Zinc on Some Morphological and Biochemical Traits of Dill (Anethum graveolens L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Yaeghoub Raei 1
  • Asghar Jafari 2
  • Saied Zehtab Salmasi 3
  • Younes Kheirizadeh Arough 4
1 Department of Ecophysiology, Faculty og Agriculture, University of Tabriz
2 Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Agricultural, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
3 Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Agricultural, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
4 Ph.D. Graduate of Crop Physiology, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

Today, the use of medicinal plants as one of the most effective methods in the field of health and business is increasing. Among the required factors, micro-elements elements play a significant role in feeding and increasing of plant yield. In recent years, due to the prevent the harmful effects of chemical fertilizers, the application of biofertilizers has been considered. The present study was conducted to investigate the yield, yield components, and essential oil of the dill plant in response to phosphozist and nitrozist and foliar application of zinc and iron elements. The experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design with three replications. Experimental treatments included foliar application with zinc, iron and combined application of zinc and iron, and biofertilizer treatments consisted of application of phosphozist biofertilizer, pbt of nitrozist biofertilizer, combined pbt of phosphozist and nitrozist biofertilizers and control.The results showed that the highest plant height, number of umbels per plant, number of seeds per umbel, percentage and yield of shoot essential oil were achieved from the combined application of nitrozist and phosphozist. There was no significant difference with foliar application of zinc and iron. In terms of grain yield, root dry weight and percentage and yield of grain essential oil, the application of these biofertilizers was significantly superior to other treatments. Based on results, in order to produce more yield, yield components and essential oil in dill, the combined application of nitrozist and phosphozist biofertilizers was identified as the most desirable nutritional treatment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Essential oil
  • Micro-elements
  • Nitrozist
  • Phosphozist
  • Yield
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