واکنش سیاهدانه (Nigella sativa L.) به کاربرد کود تخمیری و اسید هیومیک در سیستم کشاورزی پایدار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد اگرواکولوژی، گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

2 گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

3 گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

4 گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی ، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

چکیده

اهداف: پژوهش حاضر به منظور بررسی خصوصیات کمی و کیفی سیاهدانه تحت تاثیر کودهای با منشا طبیعی و محلول‌پاشی اسید هیومیک و مقایسه آن‌ها با کود شیمیایی انجام گردید.
مواد و روش‌ها: آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با دو فاکتور و سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه کردستان در سال 1400 انجام شد. فاکتور اول شامل سه سطح کود (شاهد، کود تخمیری و کود شیمیایی) و فاکتور دوم شامل سه غلظت محلول‌پاشی اسید هیومیک (0، 200 و 400 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) بود.
یافته‌ها: کود تخمیری سبب افزایش معنی‌دار ارتفاع بوته، تعداد کپسول در بوته، تعداد دانه در کپسول، عملکرد دانه و بیولوژیک، درصد و عملکرد روغن و عملکرد اسانس گردید. با محلولپاشی اسید هیومیک نیز، صفات مذکور به جز عملکرد اسانس افزایش معنی‌داری یافتند. به طوری که سطح سوم اسید هیومیک بیشترین تاثیر را داشت. بالاترین میزان نیتروژن و فسفر دانه نیز از تیمار تلفیقی کود تخمیری و 400 میلی گرم در لیتر اسید هیومیک به دست آمد.
نتیجه‌گیری: کود تخمیری و محلول‌پاشی اسید هیومیک (400 میلی گرم در لیتر)، خصوصیات کمی و کیفی گیاه دارویی سیاهدانه را بهبود بخشیدند و می‌توانند نهاده‌های جایگزین برای کودهای شیمیایی باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Response of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) to digested fertilizer and humic acid in the sustainable agricultural system

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fariba Vafaahd 1
  • Shiva Khalesro 2
  • Samira Zareei 3
  • Gholamreza Heidari 4
1 M.Sc. of Agroecology, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
2 Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
3 Department of Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
4 Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background & Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of natural and organic fertilizers, compared to chemical fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of black cumin.

Materials & Methods: Factorial experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with two factors and three replications at the Research Farm of the University of Kurdistan during 2021 growing season. The first factor consisted of three levels of fertilizer (control, digested fertilizer, and chemical fertilizer) and the second factor included three concentrations of humic acid foliar application (0, 200, and 400 mg.L-1).

Results: The digested fertilizer significantly increased plant height, capsules number per plant, seeds number per capsule, grain and biological yield, oil percentage and yield, and essential oil yield. These mentioned traits significantly increased with humic acid foliar application except for essential oil yield. The third level of humic acid had the most effect. The highest values of seed nitrogen and phosphorus content belonged to the integrated treatment of digested fertilizer and 400 mg.L-1 humic acid.

Conclusion: The digested fertilizer and humic acid (400 mg.L-1) improved the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of black cumin and they can be alternative inputs for chemical fertilizers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chemical fertilizer
  • Essential oil
  • Foliar application
  • Oil yield
  • Seed nutrient content
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