بررسی اثر تاریخ کاشت و علف‌کش بنتازون بر کنترل علف های هرز و عملکرد سویا (Glycine max L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد قائم‌شهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قائم‌شهر، ایران

2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران

3 دانش آموخته دکتری زراعت، گروه زراعت، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران

چکیده

اهداف: در این تحقیق اثر تاریخ کاشت و مصرف علف‌کش بنتازون روی کنترل علف‌های هرز و عملکرد سویا بررسی شد.

مواد و روش‌ها: آزمایش به‌صورت کرت‌های خرد شده با چهار تکرار در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی انجام شد. عامل اصلی شامل پنج تاریخ کاشت و عامل فرعی شامل کاربرد علف‌کش بنتازون در 2 سطح بدون مصرف و مصرف بود.

یافته‌ها: با تأخیر در کاشت و مصرف علف‌کش، کنترل خربزه وحشی و تاجریزی در 10 و 30 روز پس از سمپاشی افزایش یافت. کاشت دیرهنگام باعث کاهش عملکرد دانه (2/29 درصد) و بیولوژیک (1/41 درصد) سویا شد. کاشت دیرهنگام سبب کاهش زیست توده خربزه وحشی (99 درصد)، تاج ریزی (61 درصد) و سایر علف‌های هرز (82 درصد) شد. مصرف علف‌کش زیست توده خربزه وحشی (51 درصد)، تاج ریزی (92 درصد) و سایر علف‌های هرز (71 درصد) را کاهش داد. عملکرد دانه سویا در کاشت زودهنگام بیشتر (71 درصد) از کاشت دیرهنگام بود. در تاریخ کاشت‌های دیرهنگام، تراکم خربزه وحشی و تاجریزی کمتر از تاریخ کاشت زودهنگام بود. تاخیر در کاشت سویا باعث تسریع در گلدهی، کوتاه شدن دوره رسیدگی و کاهش عملکرد سویا شد.

نتیجه‌گیری: تاریخ کاشت زودهنگام سویا همراه با مصرف بنتازون باعث کاهش رشد علف‌های هرز، کاهش خسارت به محصول و افزایش عملکرد سویا می‌شود که می‌تواند به کشاورزان توصیه شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Planting Date and Bentazon Application on Control of Weeds and Soybean (Glycine max L.) Yield

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Rezvani 1
  • Ali asghar Tahmasbi 1
  • Hossein Ajamnorozi 2
  • Sajedeh Golmohammadzade 3
1 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
2 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran
3 Ph.D. Graduate of Agronomy, Department of Agronomy, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: In this research the effect of planting date and Bentazon application on control of weeds, and soybean yield was investigated.

Methods and Materials: Experiment conducted as split plot in a randomized complete block design with 4 replicates. Mainfactor included five planting dates (20 April, 4 May, 18 May, 2 June and 16 June) and subfactor was herbicide application including without and with bentazone application.

Results: Delay in planting date and herbicide application, wild melon, and black nightshade control increased both at 10 and 30 days after spraying. The late planting date reduced soybean economic (29.2%) and biological yield (41.1%). Delay in planting date reduced the biomass of wild melon (99%) and black nightshade (61%) and other weeds (82%). Herbicide application decreased the biomass of wild melon (51%) and black nightshade (92%) and other weeds (71%). Soybean yield in early planting date was higher (71%) than late planting date. In the late planting date, density of wild melon and black nightshade was lower than early planting date. Delay in planting date accelerated flowering, and reduced ripening period, seed production, and yield.

Conclusion: The early planting date of soybean along with the application of bentazone reduces weed growth, crop damage and increases soybean yield that can be recommended to farmers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Planting date
  • Weed density
  • Visual damage assessment
  • soybean yield
  • Wild melon
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