اثر تیمار قارچ تریکودرما بر صفات زراعی، عملکرد دانه و روغن گلرنگ (Carthamus tinctorius) در خاک‌های شور حاشیه دریاچه ارومیه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان شرقی

2 عضو هیات علمی موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج

چکیده

اهداف: پژوهش به‌منظور بررسی اثرات قارچ تریکودرما بر اجزای عملکرد، عملکرد دانه و روغن گلرنگ و گزینش ژنوتیپ‌های پرمحصول برای کشت در خاک‌های شور حاشیه دریاچه ارومیه اجرا گردید.
مواد و روش‌ها: آزمایش به‌صورت کرت‌های خرد شده بر پایه بلوک‌‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان شرقی طی سال 1401-1400 اجرا شد. کرت اصلی شامل سطوح قارچ (بدون تیمار و تیمار بذور با قارچ تریکودرما) و کرت فرعی 14 ژنوتیپ‌ گلرنگ بود.
یافته‌ها: اثر تیمار قارچ تریکودرما بر ارتفاع بوته، تعداد طبق در بوته، وزن هزار دانه، درصد روغن دانه، عملکرد دانه و روغن مثبت و معنی‌دار بود. بین ژنوتیپ‌های مورد مطالعه اختلاف معنی‌داری در صفات مذکور دیده شد. در هر دو شرایط تیمار با قارچ و بدون تیمار ژنوتیپ‌های پدیده، L1، PI426521 ، PI537698 و PI537694 بیشترین عملکرد دانه و روغن را به خود اختصاص دادند و در یک گروه کلاستری از نظر صفات مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. تیمار بذور گلرنگ با قارچ تریکودرما باعث گردید عملکرد دانه ژنوتیپ‌های مذکور به‌ترتیب 645، 677، 575، 494 و520 کیلوگرم در هکتار افزایش یافته و به‌ترتیب به3727، 3531، 3345، 3322 و 3164 کیلوگرم در هکتار برسد. این افزایش در اراضی شور می‌تواند نقش موثری در توسعه پایدار کشت داشته باشد.
نتیجه‌گیری: به‌نظر می‌رسد ژنوتیپ‌های پدیده، L1، PI426521 ، PI537698 و PI537694 برای کشت در اراضی شور حاشیه دریاچه ارومیه و مناطقی با اقلیم مشابه مناسب بوده و تیمار قارچ تریکودرما اثر معنی‌داری در افزایش عملکرد دانه و روغن ژنوتیپ‌های گلرنگ داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Trichoderma fungi treatment on agronomical traits, seed and oil yields of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) in saline soils around Urmia Lake

نویسندگان [English]

  • Bahman Pasban Eslam 1
  • Mohamadreza Nazari 2
1 عضو هیات علمی-دانشیار
2 Assistant Professor of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: The present research aimed to study the effects of Trichoderma fungi on yield components, seed and oil yields of safflower, and select high-yielding genotypes to cultivate in saline soils around Urmia Lake.
Methods and Materials: An experiment was conducted as a split plot based on a randomized complete blocks design with three replications in the East Azarbaijan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center during the 2021-22. The experimental factors were Trichoderma fungi (Trichoderma harzianum) including control and seed treatments and the second factor included 14 safflower genotypes.
Results: The effect of Trichoderma on plant height, panicula per plant, 1000-seeds weight, oil percent, seed and oil yields was significant. Among studied genotypes, significant differences were seen in mentioned traits. In fungi treatment and control conditions Padideh, L1, PI426521, PI537698, and PI537694 genotypes indicated higher seed and oil yields. They are located in the same cluster group according to the studied characters. The treatment of safflower seeds with Trichoderma fungi led to an increase in seed yields of the above-mentioned genotypes 645,677,575, 494, and 520 Kg h-1 respectively and they reached 3727, 3521, 3345, 3322, and 3164 Kg h-1 respectively. These increases in seed yield can have an effective role in the sustainable development of safflower cultivation in saline areas.
Conclusion: It seems that Padideh, L1, PI426521, PI537698, and PI537694 genotypes are suitable for cultivation in saline areas around Urmia Lake. The treatment of seeds with Trichoderma fungi significantly increased seed and oil yields of safflower genotypes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cluster analysis
  • Marginal areas
  • Padideh cultivar
  • Soil salinity
  • Sustainable development

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 34، شماره 1
فروردین 1403
صفحه 53-64

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