اثر فاصله ردیف و گیاهان پوششی بر علف‌های هرز و عملکرد ذرت دانه‌ای تری‌وی کراس 647

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری علوم علف‌های‌هرز، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 استاد، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

4 استادیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل (مغان)، سازمان تحقیقات

چکیده

اهداف: این مطالعه به‌‌ منظور بررسی اثر فاصله ردیف و گیاهان پوششی بر کنترل علف‌های هرز، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ذرت دانه‌ای تری‌وی کراس 647 انجام گرفت.
مواد وروش‌ها: این آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مغان در سال 1400 اجرا شد. فاکتورهای مورد آزمایش شامل فاصله ردیف کاشت در دو سطح 75 و 65 سانتی‌متر و استفاده از گیاهان پوششی در پنج سطح (چاودار (Secal cereale L.)، ماشک گل خوشه‌ای (Vicia vilosia L.)، شبدر برسیم (Trifolium alexandrinum L.)، بدون گیاه پوششی و علف‌کش مایستر پاور اودی) بودند.
یافته‌ها: در شرایط بدون گیاه پوششی، بیشترین زیست توده کل علف‌های هرز در فاصله ردیف 75 سانتی‌متری بدست آمد. همچنین بیشترین زیست توده گیاهان پوششی در فاصله ردیف 75 سانی‌متری، از گیاه پوششی چاودار حاصل شد. تعداد ردیف دانه در بلال، عملکرد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک و شاخص برداشت تحت تاثیر برهمکنش فاصله ردیف × گیاه پوششی قرار گرفت ؛ به طوری که بیشترین تعداد ردیف دانه در بلال از گیاه پوششی شبدر برسیم در فاصله ردیف 75 سانی‌متری مشاهده شد. بیشترین عملکرد بیولوژیکی در فاصله ردیف 65 سانتی‌متری با استفاده از گیاه پوششی چاودار حاصل شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد دانه (05/8 تن در هکتار) از فاصله ردیف 65 سانتی متری و تیمار گیاه پوششی چاودار بدست آمد و همچنین بیشترین درصد کنترل زیست توده کل علف‌های هرز ذرت مربوط به گیاه پوششی چاودار با 47/47 درصد ودر فاصله ردیف 65 سانتی متری بدست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of row spacing and cover crops on weeds and yield of maize (TWC647)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ghorban didehbaz moghanlo 1
  • Ahmad Tobeh 2
  • Hamid Reza Mohammaddoust Chamanabad 2
  • Salim Farzaneh 3
  • Sajjad Moharramnejad 4
1 Ph.D. Student of Weed Science, Department of Genetic and Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Genetic and Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
3 Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Genetic and Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
4 Research Assistant Professor, Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Moghan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: The aim of this study was conducted to investigate the effect of row spacing and cover crops on weed control and yield and components yield of corn (TWC647).
Materials and Methods: This experiment was carried out factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in the farm of Moghan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Station in 2021. The treatments consisted of row spacing at two levels (75 and 65 cm), cover crops at five levels (rye, hairy vetch, clover, and no cover crop and Maister power herbicide).
Results: In the condition without cover crop, the highest total biomass of weeds was obtained at the row spacing of 75 cm. Also, the highest biomass of cover crops in the row spacing of 75 cm was obtained from rye cover crop. The number of grain rows per ear, grain yield, biological yield and harvest index were affected by the interaction row spacing ×cover crop; So that the maximum number of grain rows per ear was observed at a row spacing of 75 cm and clover. The highest biological yield of corn was obtained at the row spacing of 65 cm and rye cover crop. highest grain yield (8.05 tons per hectare) was obtained from the row spacing of 65 cm and the rye cover crop treatment and also the highest control percentage of the total biomass of corn weeds (47.47%) was related to the rye cover crop and row spacing of 65 cm.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Clover
  • cover crop
  • ecological management of weeds
  • hairy vetch
  • rye

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 34، شماره 1
فروردین 1403
صفحه 157-169

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