برهم‌کنش دودآب، قارچ مایکوریز آربوسکولار و باکتری ریزوبیوم بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد نخود

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

3 استادیار پژوهش معاونت سرارود، موسسه تحقیقات کشاورزی دیم کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف: به‌منظور بررسی برهم‌کنش دودآب، قارچ مایکوریز و باکتری ریزوبیوم (مزوریزوبیوم سیسری) بر روی عملکرد و اجزا عملکرد نخود دیم، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 1400-1399 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه به صورت کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد.
مواد و روش‌ها: کرت‌های اصلی شامل محلول‌پاشی دودآب با غلظت یک لیتر در هکتار در دو مرحله رویشی و پیش از گلدهی و خاک کاربرد با غلظت‌های 2 و 4 لیتر در هکتار به همراه عدم استفاده از دودآب (شاهد) و تلقیح میکروارگانیسم‌ها (ریزوبیوم، مایکوریز، کاربرد توام ریزوبیوم-مایکوریز و شاهد) به‌عنوان عامل فرعی بود.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد، اثر دودآب بر صفات عملکرد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک، تعداد غلاف در بوته، تعداد دانه در بوته و وزن صد دانه معنی‌دار شد. اثر کود بیولوژیک بر صفات عملکرد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک و وزن صد دانه معنی‌دار شد. دودآب با غلظت یک لیتر در هکتار از نظر عملکرد دانه (8/547 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، عملکرد بیولوژیک (4/2122 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، تعداد غلاف در بوته (2/13)، تعداد دانه در بوته (6/7 دانه در بوته) و وزن صد دانه (5/35 گرم) بیشترین مقادیر را داشت. کاربرد توام ریزوبیوم و مایکوریز از نظر وزن صددانه (7/35 گرم)، عملکرد دانه (6/503 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عملکرد بیولوژیک (0/1918 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بالاترین میانگین را داشت.
نتیجه‌گیری: به‌طورکلی، محلول‌پاشی دودآب با غلظت یک لیتر در هکتار در دو مرحله و تلقیح بذر با ریزوبیوم و مایکوریز می‌تواند موجب بهبود عملکرد نخود در شرایط دیم شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Interaction of Smoke Water, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus and Rhizobium Bacterium on Yield and Yield Components of Chickpea

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saba Tavazoee 1
  • Saeid Jalali Honarmand 2
  • Ali Rasaei 3
1 M.Sc Student,, Department of Plant Production and Genetic, Faculty of Science and Agricultural Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Production and Genetic, Faculty of Science and Agricultural Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
3 Sararood Branch, Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Kermanshah, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: In order to investigate the interaction of smoke water, mycorrhiza fungus and rhizobium bacterium on the yield and yield components of chickpea, an experiment as split plots based on randomized complete block design with three replications was carried out at the Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, in 2019 cropping season.
Materials and Methods: The main plots included the foliar application of smoke water (1 lit/ha) at vegetative and beginning of flowering and soil application of smoke water (2 and 4 lit/ha) along with no use of smoke water as control. The inoculations of micro-organisms (rhizobium, mycorrhiza, rhizobium+mycorrhiza and control) were as sub factors.
Results: The results showed that the effect of smoke water on the grain yield, biological yield, pods per plant, grains per plant and 100-grain weight were significant. The effects of biological agents on the grains yield, biological yield, 100-grain weight were significant. The smoke water spraying (1 lit/ha) in terms of grain yield (547.8 kg/ha), biological yield (2122.4 kg/ha), pods per plant (13.2), grains per plant (7.6), 100-grains weight (35.5 g) had the highest values. The use of rhizobium with mycorrhiza in terms of grain weight (35.7 grams), grain yield (503.6 kg/ha) and biological yield (1918.0 kg/ha) had the greatest average.
Conclusion: In general, spraying of smoke water with 1 lit/ha at two stages along with inoculation of seeds with rhizobium and mycorrhiza can improve chickpea yield under rainfed condition.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chickpea
  • Grain Yield
  • Mycorrhiza
  • Rhizobium
  • Smoke Water
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