اثرات تنش خشکی و محلول‌پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک بر برخی از صفات زراعی و فیزیولوژیک در اکوتیپ‌های زیره سبز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

10.22034/saps.2025.63225.3272

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف: تنش خشکی یکی از عوامل محدود‌کننده تولید گیاهان زراعی به‌شمار می‌رود. اسید سالیسیلیک درکنار افزایش توان مقاومت به تنش‌ها، رشد و عملکرد گیاه را نیز بهبود می‌بخشد. هدف این پژوهش بررسی اثرات استفاده از اسید سالیسیلیک روی برخی از صفات زراعی و فیزیولوژیکی در اکوتیپ‌های گیاه زیره سبز (Cuminum cyminum L.) تحت شرایط تنش خشکی بود.
 
مواد و روش‌ها: این آزمایش به‌صورت اسپلیت‌پلات فاکتوریل درقالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در سال زراعی 1402 در شهرستان ابرکوه اجرا گردید. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل تنش خشکی در سه سطح بدون‌تنش، تنش متوسط و شدید، محلول‌پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک در دو غلظت صفر و 2 میلی‌مولار و اکوتیپ در شش سطح اردکان، بافق، آباده، کرمان، اصفهان و سمیرم بود.
 
یافته‌ها: بیشترین تعداد چتر در بوته، تعداد دانه در چتر، ارتفاع بوته و محتوای نسبی آب برگ و کمترین نشت‌یونی در تیمار بدون‌تنش با کاربرد اسید سالیسیلیک مشاهده شد. بیشترین عملکرد دانه در تیمار بدون‌تنش با محلول‌پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک و کمترین آن در تیمار تنش خشکی شدید و عدم محلول‌پاشی بود و بیشترین درصد افزایش آن با کاربرد اسید سالیسیلیک در شرایط تنش خشکی شدید مشاهده شد. اکوتیپ‌های کرمان و اردکان ازنظر تعداد چتر در بوته، تعداد دانه در چتر، محتوای نسبی آب برگ و عملکرد دانه بیشترین و ازنظر نشت‌یونی و ارتفاع بوته کمترین مقدار را داشتند.
 
نتیجه‌گیری: براساس نتایج این پژوهش، استفاده از 2 میلی‌مولار اسید سالیسیلیک جهت بهبود رشد و عملکرد گیاه زیره سبز جهت کاهش اثرات منفی تنش خشکی به‌ویژه در اکوتیپ‌های کرمان و اردکان قابل توصیه می‌باشد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Drought Stress and Salicylic Acid Sprayingon some Agronomical and Physiological Traits in Cumin Ecotypes

نویسنده [English]

  • Masoud Golestani
Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background &Objectives: Drought stress is one of the limiting factors for crop production. Salicylic acidcan increase stress resistance and also improve plant growth and yield.The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of salicylic acid application on agronomical and physiological characteristics of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) ecotypes under drought stress conditions.
 
Materials and Methods:This experiment was conducted as split plot factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications during 2023in Abarkouh city. Experimental factors included three levels of drought stress (non-stress, mild stress and severe stress), two level of salicylic acid spraying (0 and 2 mM) and six cumin ecotypes (Ardakan, Bafgh, Abadeh, Kerman, Isfahan and Semirom).
 
Results:The highest value of number of umbel per plant, number of seed per umbel, plant height and leaf relative water content and the lowest value of ion leakage were seen under non-stress condition with salicylic acid application. The highest value of grain yield was obtained under non-stress condition with salicylic acid application and the lowest value of grain yield was obtained under severe drought stress and lack of application ofsalicylic acid and the most increase of this trait was observed under severe drought stress with salicylic acid application. Kerman and Ardakan ecotypes had the highest value of number of umbels per plant, number of seed per umbel, leaf relative water content and grain yield and the lowest value of plant height and ion leakage.
 
Conclusion:Based on the present research, the use of 2mM salicylic acid is recommended to improve the growth and yield of cuminfor decrease of negative effects of drought stress conditionespecially in Kerman and Ardakan ecotypes.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cumin
  • Grain Yield
  • Ion Leakage
  • Leaf Relative Water Content
  • Physiological Traits
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