اثر برخی از جدایه های باکتریایی بر رشد ریشه و جذب عناصر غذایی درذرت(Zea mays L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

بیولوژی و بیوتکنولوژی خاک، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

        ریشه­زایی گیاه می­تواند ناشی از تلقیح میکروبی و اکسین میکروبی باشد. تولید اکسین توسط باکتری­ها با ایفای نقش در ریشه­زایی گیاه به عنوان یکی از ویژگی­های تحریک‌کننده رشد گیاه شناخته می­شود. بر این اساس در قالب آزمایش فاکتوریل، توان تولید اکسین برخی از جدایه­های باکتریایی (25 جدایه) در شرایط درون­شیشه‌ای مورد سنجش قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که تولید اکسین جدایه­ها در شرایط درون شیشه­ای، در حضور و عدم حضور تریپتوفان (به عنوان پیش ماده تولید اکسین) در محیط NF، از 75/0 تا 28/2 میلی­گرم بر لیتر متغیر بود. بالاترین میزان تولید اکسین متعلق به جدایه Az-3 بود و کمترین میزان در جدایه Az-48 دیده شد. همچنین به منظور بررسی اثربخشی این باکتری­ها در ریشه­زایی و رشد عمومی گیاه ذرت در بستر شن استریل، آزمایشی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی به اجرا درآمد. در طول آزمایش تمام عناصر غذایی مورد نیاز گیاه از طریق محلول غذایی هوگلند تأمین شد. نتایج آزمایش حاکی از آن بود که بیشترین حجم ریشه به مقدار 67/47 و 67/38 سانتی­متر مکعب در جدایه­هایAz-13وAz-73 به­ دست آمد، در حالی که بیشترین وزن خشک ریشه در جدایه Az-8 مشاهده شد. جدایه Az-48 بیشترین وزن خشک کل بوته را در بین جدایه­ها به خود اختصاص داد. آنالیز عناصر گیاهی در بافت خشک گیاه نشان داد که جدایه Az-48 با مقادیر 66/80، 85/10، 2/241 و 67/4 میلی‌گرم بر گلدان به­ترتیب بیشترین مقادیر عناصر نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم و آهن را جذب نموده­است. نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد هرچند جدایه Az-48 دارای کمترین میزان تولید اکسین بود اما در بهبود رشد عمومی گیاه موثر واقع شده­است که به نظر می­رسد مکانیسمی به­غیر از تولید اکسین در این امر دخالت داشته باشد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Some Bacterial Isolates on Root Growth and Nutrient Uptake in Corn (Zea mays L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shokufeh Moradi
  • Mohammad Reza Sarikhani
  • Naser Aliasgharzad
چکیده [English]

         Root initiation can be influenced by microbial inoculation and microbial auxin. Auxin production is known as one of plant growth promoting characteristics of bacteria. This hormone has main role in root-initiation. Thus, in a factorial experiment the ability of some bacterial isolates (25 isolates) were assessed in in-vitro condition. Results showed that auxin-production by the isolates in NF medium containing 0 and 100 mg.kg-1 of tryptophan varied from 0.75-2.28 mg.l-1 The highest and lowest amount of auxin were measured by Az-3 and Az-48, respectively. Furthermore, in order to study the effect of isolates inoculation on root initiation and general growth of corn, a completely randomized design experiment were carried out. In the whole period of experiment all nutrient solution were added to the pots via Hogland solution, since the sterile sand or inert medium were used as the bed of pot culture. Maximum volume of roots were observed in the isolates Az-13 and Az-73 by the volume of 47.67 and 38.67 cm3 respectively, whereas Az-8 had the highest root dry matter. Maximum total dry weight was gained by isolate Az-48. Nutrient analysis in dry tissue of corn showed that Az-48 had highest uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and iron with the value of 80.66, 10.85, 241.2 and 4.67 mg.pot-1 Our results showed that although Az-48 had lowest auxin-production ability in in-vitro assay but in pot culture it was very efficient and it seems that other mechanisms play the role in this increment.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Auxin
  • Bacteria
  • Corn
  • Tryptophan
  • Root Initiation
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