عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد کدوی تخم کاغذی (Cucurbita pepo L.) متاثر از میکوریز، ورمی کمپوست و نانوکود

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

3 مدیر کل محیط زیست اداره محیط زیست اردبیل

چکیده

     به منظور بررسی تأثیر میکوریز، ورمی کمپوست و نانوکود بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد کدوی تخم کاغذی آزمایشی در سال 1393 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه آزاد میانه به صورت اسپلیت پلات- فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. ورمی کمپوست در 3 سطح V0،V1 و V2 (بترتیب صفر، 10 و20 تن در هکتار) در کرت های اصلی و میکوریز در 2 سطح M0: عدم کاربرد وM1: کاربرد و نانوکود کلاته میکرو کامل در 3 سطح N0،N1 وN2 (بترتیب صفر، 2 و4 در هزار) در کرت های فرعی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که ورمی کمپوست و برهمکنش ورمی کمپوست- نانوکود اثر معنی داری بر وزن میوه، وزن خشک کل، وزن دانه در میوه، تعداد دانه در میوه، عملکرد دانه، عملکرد میوه و قطر میوه داشت. اثر نانوکود و برهمکنش ورمی کمپوست- میکوریز- نانوکود هم بر روی وزن میوه، قطر میوه و عملکرد میوه معنی دار بود. بیشترین عملکرد دانه (84/418 کیلوگرم در هکتار) از V2N2 و بیشترین عملکرد میوه (30/25552 کیلوگرم در هکتار) از V2M0N1 حاصل شد. کمترین عملکرد دانه (17/145 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به V0 و کمترین عملکرد میوه (17/1870 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به V0M0N0  تعلق داشت. بنابراین، کاربرد 20 تن در هکتار ورمی کمپوست و محلول پاشی نانوکود، جهت دستیابی به عملکرد قابل قبول در کدوی تخم کاغذی پیشنهاد می شود.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Yield and Yield Components of Pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) Influenced by Mycorrhiza, Vermicompost and Nanofertilizer

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyyed Ali Razzaghifard 1
  • Abdolghayoum Gholipouri 2
  • Ahmad Tobeh 2
  • Mousavi Meshkini 3
چکیده [English]

      The effect of mycorrhiza, vermicompost and nanofertilizer on yield and yield components of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.), studied at research farm of Mianeh Branch, Islamic Azad University in 2014. A split-plot factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications was used. Three levels of vermicompost (0, 10 and 20 ton.ha-1) allocated in main plots and two levels of mycorrhiza (nonapplication and application) and foliar spray of three levels of nano micro-full chelate fertilizer (0 0/00, 2 0/00 and 4 0/00) allocated to subplots. The results indicated that vermicompost and interaction of vermicompost and nanofertilizer had significant effect on fruit weight, total dry weight, seed weight per fruit, number of seed per fruit, seed yield, fruit yield and fruit diameter. Also effects of nanofertilizer and interaction of vermicompost, mycorrhiza and nanofertilizer on fruit weight, fruit diameter and fruit yield was significant. The Maximum seed yield (418.84 kg.ha-1) and fruit yield (25552.30 kg.ha-1) were obtained from V2N2 and V2M0N1 treatments, respectively. The Minimum seed yield (145.17 kg.ha-1) andfruit yield (1870.17 kg.ha-1) were belonged to V0 and V0M0N0 treatments, respectively. Therefore, consumption of 20 t.ha-1 vermicompost with spraying nanofertilizer is suggested to obtain acceptable yield in pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.).
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Mycorrhiza
  • Nanofertilizer
  • Pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.)
  • Vermicompost
  • Yield
Ali Abadi Farahani H and Valad Abadi A, 2010. The role of arbuscular mycorrhiza on Coriandrum sativum L. under drought conditions. Journal of Soil Research (Soil and Water Sciences), 24(1):69-80.(In Persian).
Anonymous, 2005. Introduction of national network of research departments of medicinal plants. Research scientific journal of medicinal plants. Volume IV, No. 14.
Aroyi H, Azizi Arani M and Emami A, 2006. The effect of planting date on seed yield and oil content in medical zucchini, final report of research project. No. 2, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad.
Asadi G, Momen A, Norzade Namegi M and Khoram Del S, 2015. Effect of different fertilizer treatments on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of medicinal plant of psyllium (Plantago ovata). Journal of Horticultural Sciences. 29(1): 47-54.
Asghari M, Yosefi Rad M and Masomi Zavarian A, 2016. The effects of compost and vermicompost on quantitative and qualitative traits of medicinal plant of Aloysia citrodora. Journal of Medicinal Plants. 15(2): 63-71.
Atiyeh RM, Subler S, Edwards CA, Bachman G, Metzger JD and Shuster W, 2000. Effects of vermicompost and compost on plant growth in horticultural container media and soil. Pedobiologia, 44: 579–590.
Bahrani MJ and Babaei GH, 2007. Effect of different levels of plant density and nitrogen on yield and its components and some qualitative traits of two cultivars of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Iranian Journal of Crops Sciences, 9(3): 237-245.
Barbara S and Michael M, 2004. Change in chemical composition of pumpkin seed during the roasting process for production of pumpkin seed oil. Food Chemestry, 22: 367-379.
Chauhan RS, Maheshwari SK and Gandhi SK, 2000. Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and farm yard manure levels on stem rot of cauliflower caused by Rhizoctonia solani. Agricultural Science Digest, 20: 36-38.
Daneshian G, Yousefi M and AliMohammadi M, 2010. Effect of manure and mycorrhiza on fruit and seed yield in water stress conditions in Cucurbita pepo L. Journal of ecophysiology of crop plants, 2(3): 136-146.
Danesh Shahraki A, Kashani A, Mesgharbashi M, Nabipour M and kohi Dehkardi M, 2008. Effect of density and time of nitrogen application on some agricultural characteristics of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Journal of Research and Development, 21(2): 10-17. (In Persian).
Darzi MT, Haj Seyed Hadi MR and Rejali F, 2010. The effect of vermicompost and phosphate bio fertilizer on yield and its components in Pimpinella anisum L., Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of Iran, 26(4): 452-465. (In Persian).
Dehghani-tafti AR  Alah dadi A, Najafi F and Kianmehr MH, 2014. Effects of different levels of pelleted animal manure and urea and some microelements on yield and yield componenets in pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.). Journal of Horticultural Science, 28(1): 62-70.
Ghanbari A, Nadjafi F and Shabahang J, 2007. Effects of irrigation regimes and row arrangement on yield,yield components and seed quality of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.). Asian Journal of Plant Sciences,
6(7): 1072-1079.
Ghazi Manas M, Banj Shafiee S, Hajj Seyed Hadi MR and Darzi MT, 2013. The effect of different doses of vermicompost and nitrogen on qualitative and quantitative yield in Matricaria chamomilla L. Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of Iran, 29(2): 269-280. (In Persian).
Gholami A, Akbari A and Abbas Dokht H, 2015. The effect of bio fertilizers and organic fertilizers on growth characteristics and yield of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill). Journal of Agricultural Ecology, 7 (2): 215-224. (In Persian).
Gholipoori A, Javanshir A, Rahim zadeh khoie F, Mohamadi SA and Biat H, 2006. Effect of nitrogen, distribution of fertilizer and prunning of head on yield and yield components of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.). PhD Thesis. Faculty of Agriculture. University of Tabriz.
Jahan M, Amiri MB, Shabahang G and Tahami MK, 2013. Effect of simultaneous use of organic and biological fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of medicinal plant of Cucurbita pepo L. Journal of agricultural research. 11(1): 73-87.
Jahan M, Koocheki A, Nassiri M and Dehghanipoor F, 2007. The effects of different manure levels and two branch management methods on organic production of Cucurbita pepo L. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 5(2): 281-289. (In Persian).
Ladan Moghadam A, Vattani H, Baghaei N and Keshavarz N, 2012. Effect of Different Levels of Fertilizer Nano Iron Chelates on Growth and Yield Characteristics of Two Varieties of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.): Varamin 88 and Viroflay. Research of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology. 4(12): 4813-4818.
Mohamad Khani A and Rozbahani A, 2016. Management of vermicompost application and Fe-nanofertilizer in improvement of maize yield. Journal of Plant Ecophysiology, 7(23): 123-131. (In Persian).
Moslemi M, Aboutalebi A, Hasanzadeh H and Hosseini M, 2012. Evaluation the effects of different levels of vermicompost on yield and yield components of Coriander. Scholars Research Library, Annals of Biological Research, 3 (10): 4852- 4853.
Murcovic M, Hillebrand A, Winker H and Pfannhauser W, 1996. Variability of vitamin E content in pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita pepo L.). Forsch. 202: 275 - 278.
Murkovic M, Piirronen V, Lampi M, Karshofer T and Gerhard S, 2004. Changes in chemical composition of pumpkin seeds during the roasting process for production of pumpkin seed oil (Part 1:non-volatile compounds). Food Chemestry, 84 (2004): 359-365.
Nerson H, 2005. Effects of fruit shape and plant density on seed yield and quality of squash. Scientia Horticulturae, 105: 293-304.
Omidbeigi R, 2008. Production and processing of medicinal plants. The fifth Edition. Volume III. Astan Qods Razavi Publication, p. 397. (In Persian).
Rajasekar k and karmegam N, 2010. Earthworm casts as an alternate carrier material for biofertilizers: Assessment of endurance and viability of Azotobacter chroococcum, Bacillus megaterium and Rhizobium leguminosarum. Scientia Horticulturae, 124: 286-289.
Ramroudi M, Keikhazhalh M, Galovi M, Segha Al-Islami MG and Baradaran R, 2011. The effect of foliar spray of micronutrients and irrigation regimes on qualitative and quantitative yield in medicinal plant of Plantago ovata Forsk. Journal of Agricultural Ecology. 3(2): 219-226. (In Persian).
Robinson RW and Decker-walters DS, 1997. Cucurbits. CAB Intrnational.pp.226.
Sangwan P, Kaushik CP and Garg VK, 2008. Vermiconversion of industrial sludge for recycling the nutrients. Bioresource Technology, 99: 8699-8704.
Zehtab-Salmasi S, Heidari F and Alyari H, 2008. Effect of microelements and plant density on biomass and essential oil production of peppermint (Mentha piperment L.). Plant Science Research, 1: 24-28.