ارزیابی عملکرد دانه هیبریدهای ذرت (.Zea mays L) تحت محدودیت آب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

3 گروه به‌نژادی و بیوتکنولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

4 بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل، مغان، ایران

چکیده

بروز کمبود آب در مراحل مختلف رشد، اثرات متفاوتی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه ذرت دارد. به منظور بررسی عملکرد دانه و اجزای عملکرد هیبریدهای ذرت در پاسخ به تنش کم آبی، آزمایشی بصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار طی دو سال زراعی 1392 و 1393 در مزرعه ایستگاه تحقیقاتی مغان اجرا شد. فاکتورها شامل آبیاری در دو سطح بدون تنش و تنش آب قبل گلدهی و هیبریدهای ذرت سینگل کراس 600، سینگل کراس 640، سینگل کراس 704، سینگل کراس 720 و سینگل کراس 740 بودند. تجزیه مرکب داده­ها نشان داد که تنش کم آبی بر همه صفات بجزء تعداد ردیف دانه در بلال اثر معنی­داری داشت. تنش کم آبی باعث کاهش 7/11 درصدی ارتفاع بوته، 8/22 درصدی عملکرد دانه، 15 درصدی وزن صد دانه، 12 درصدی طول بلال و 10 درصدی تعداد دانه در ردیف بلال گردید. همبستگی ساده صفات نشان داد که عملکرد دانه با ارتفاع بوته، وزن صد دانه، طول بلال و تعداد دانه در ردیف بلال ارتباط مثبت معنی­داری دارد. با توجه به نتایج این پژوهش سینگل کراس 640 و سینگل کراس 704 از ثبات عملکرد بیشتری در شرایط بدون تنش و تنش کم آبی برخوردار بودند.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Grain Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrides Under Water Limitation

نویسندگان [English]

  • vahid Nasrollahzade asl 1
  • sajjad Moharramnejad 2
  • Mehri Yusefi 1
  • Ali Bandehhagh 3
  • Lale Ibrahimi 4
چکیده [English]

         Water deficiency at different growth stages affect maize yield differently. In order to study the response of maize hybrids to water stress during pre-flowering stage, a field experiment was carried out as a factorial experiment based on complete randomized block design at Moghan Research Station, during 2013 and 2014 growing seasons. The experimental factors were irrigation with two water deficit conditions, one with commonly available irrigation water referred to as control and the other interrupted irrigation before flowering, and five maize hybrids (SC600, SC640, SC704, SC720 and SC740).Water deficit stress affected all measured traits except number of kernels per ear. Water stress reduced plant height (11.7%), grain yield (22.8%), 100 grain weight (15%), ear length (12%) and number of kernels per row (10%). A significant correlation indicated a strong positive relationship between grain yield and plant height, 100 grain weight, ear length, number of kernels per row. According to the results of this two years experiment, SC640and SC704 had been more stability under commonly available irrigation and the interrupted irrigation before flowering.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Correlation
  • Grain Yield
  • Maize Hybrids
  • Water deficit stress
  • Yield Components

مراجع

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 27، شماره 2
تیر 1396
صفحه 85-96

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