اثر تیمارهای کودی و رژیم‌های آبیاری بر عملکرد و ترکیبات موسیلاژ دانة بالنگوی شهری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 گروه زراعت دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

به­منظور تعدیل اثر تنش آبی بر درصد، عملکرد و ترکیبات موسیلاژ دانه گیاه دارویی بالنگو­ی شهری تحت رژیم­های متفاوت آبیاری، یک آزمایش اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی هنرستان کشاورزی شهید بهشتی ارومیه در سال 1394 اجرا گردید. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل رژیم آبیاری (پس از 40، 80، 120 و 160 میلی­متر تبخیر از تشتک تبخیر کلاس A ) در کرت­های اصلی و استفاده از تیمارهای کودی (قارچ­های Glomus intraradices، Glomus verruciform ، زئولیت، محلول­پاشی روی، محلول­پاشی سالیسیلیک اسید ، باکتری­های حل کننده فسفات و شاهد) به عنوان کرت­های فرعی بودند. نتایج  نشان داد که بین سطوح آبیاری از نظر درصد، عملکرد و شاخص برداشت موسیلاژ اختلاف معنی­دار وجود دارد. آبیاری پس از 80 میلی­متر تبخیر از تشتک کلاس A بیشترین درصد (36/16 درصد) و عملکرد  (03/142 کیلوگرم در هکتار) موسیلاژ را به خود اختصاص داد. همچنین بیشترین عملکرد دانه (03/886 کیلوگرم در هکتار) ، درصد موسیلاژ (69/15 درصد ) ، عملکرد موسیلاژ (35/138 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عملکرد بیولوژیکی (2815 کیلوگرم در هکتار) با استفاده از فسفاته بارور2  بدست آمد. تجزیه ترکیبات قندهای موسیلاژبالنگوی شهری نشان داد که بیشترین مقدار قندها شامل گلوکز، گالاکتوز، ارونیک اسید، گالاکتورونیک اسید، گلوکورونیک اسید، زایلوز، فروکتوز و ریبوز می باشد. بنابراین استفاده از کود بیولوژیکی فسفاته بارور-2 و یا محلول­پاشی سالیسیلیک اسید برای تیمار آبیاری پس از 80 میلی­متر تبخیر بدلیل مقدار متعادل آب مصرفی، و حداکثر عملکرد دانه و بیولوژیکی، درصد، عملکرد و شاخص برداشت موسیلاژ توصیه می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Fertilizer Treatments and Irrigation Regimes on Lallemantia iberica Seed Mucilage Yield and Compounds

نویسندگان [English]

  • Vahid Ghasemian 1
  • Jalil Shafagh 1
  • Alireza Pirzad 2
چکیده [English]

In order to compensate the effect of water deficit stress on the yield, percentage and composition of seed mucilage of the medicinal plant ‘Dragon’s head’ (Lallemantia iberica) under different irrigation regimes, a split plot experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with  three replications at the Agricultural Research Field of Shahid Beheshti college of Urmia in 2015. Treatments were included irrigation (after 40, 80, 120 and 160 mm of evaporation from pan class A) as main plots and fertilizer treatments (Glomus verruciform, Glomus intraradices, biological phosphorus (Barvar2), zeolite, zinc sulfate, salicylic acid and control) as sub plots. Results showed that the effect of irrigation levels on the percentage, yield and harvest index of mucilage was significant. Irrigation after 80 mm of evaporation produced the highest mucilage percentage (16.26 percent) and yield of mucilage (142.04 kg.ha-1). However, the maximum seed yield (886.02 kg.ha-1), yield of mucilage (138.35 kg.ha-1), biological yield (2815 kg.ha-1) and mucilage percentage (15.69 %) were obtained by applying biological phosphorus (Barvar 2). Analysis of Dragon’s head mucilage exhibited that the main components were glucose, galactose, uronic acid, galacturonic acid, glucuronic acid, xylose, fructose and ribose. Thus in irrigation after 80 mm of evaporation, application of biological phosphorus (Barvar2) and/or salicylic acid spraying were recommended, due to the balanced water consumption, and the highest yield of seed and the highest percentage, yield and harvest index of mucilage. 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • irrigation
  • Lallemantia iberica
  • Mucilage
  • Mycorrhizae
  • Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria17
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