بررسی کارایی مصرف انرژی، انتشار گازهای گلخانه‌ای و تحلیل‌های اقتصادی زراعت سورگوم علوفه‌ای در منطقه سیستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بوم شناسی زراعی، گروه زراعت، دانشگاه زابل

2 گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل

چکیده

مصرف انرژی و استفاده صحیح از نهاده‌های کشاورزی تاثیر زیادی بر اقتصاد و حفظ محیط زیست دارد. این تحقیق به بررسی کارایی مصرف انرژی، میزان انتشار گازهای گلخانه‌ای و هزینه‌های مصرفی سیستم‌های تولید سورگوم در منطقه سیستان پرداخته است. اطلاعات از طریق پرسشنامه و مصاحبه حضوری با کشاورزان از 85 مزرعه سورگوم در سال 2014 جمع‌آوری گردید. نتایج این بررسی نشان داد که مجموع انرژی ورودی در سیستم‌های تولید سورگوم 06/37695 مگاژول در هکتار بود که از این مقدار الکتریسیته پر‌مصرف‌ترین نهاده ورودی در بین سایر نهاده‌ها بود. پس از الکتریسیته به ترتیب کودهای شیمیایی و گازوئیل قرار داشتند. سهم انرژی‌های ورودی به صورت مستقیم، غیر‌مستقیم، تجدید‌پذیر و تجدید‌ناپذیر به ترتیب 79، 21، 22 و 78 درصد بود. کارایی مصرف انرژی نیز در این مزارع 3/7 بدست آمد. الکتریسیته با 27/2981 کیلوگرم در هکتار گاز گلخانه‌ای معادل دی اکسید کربن، بیشترین میزان انتشار گازهای گلخانه‌ای را از مجموع 7/3746 کیلوگرم در هکتار گاز گلخانه‌ای معادل دی اکسید کربن به خود اختصاص داد و به دنبال آن کود دامی و گازوئیل بیشترین میزان آلودگی را ایجاد ‌کردند. نتایج تحلیل‌های اقتصادی نیز نشان داد که متوسط هزینه‌های انجام شده برای یک هکتار محصول سورگوم 5/29 میلیون ریال بود و بطور میانگین سود خالصی برابر 8/5 میلیون ریال به ازای هر هکتار عاید کشاورز شد. مدیریت انرژی یک عامل کلیدی برای کاهش مصرف انرژی، کاهش آلودگی‌های زیست محیطی و کاهش هزینه‌های تولید در مزارع می‌باشد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Energy Use Efficiency, Green House Gases Emission and Economic Analysis of Sorghum Production in Sistan

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Fartout Enayat 1
  • Seyed Mohsen Mousavinik 2
  • Mohammad Reza Asgharipour 2
چکیده [English]

Energy consumption and application of agricultural inputs have a significant effect on the economy and the environmental consevation. This study examines the energy efficiency, GHGs emissions and production costs of sorghum production systems in the Sistan. Data were collected from 85 sorghum farms using face to face questionnaires in 2014. Results indicated that the total energy input was 37,695.1 MJ.ha-1, and the most important energy inputs belonged to electricity, followed by chemical fertilizers and diesel fuel. The share of direct, indirect, renewable and non-renewable forms in sorghum production were 79%, 21%, 22% and 78, respectively. Also, energy use efficiency was 7.3. Electricity with a production of 2981.3 kg CO2-eq.ha-1 played the most important role on the total GHGs emission of 3746.7 kg CO2-eq.ha-1 and it was followed by manure and diesel fuel. Economic analysis indicated that the total cost and the average net return of sorghum production was 29.5 and 5.8 million Rial.ha-1, respectively. Energy use efficiency was 13.4, while the benefit-to-cost ratio was 1.3. Energy management is a key factor for reduction of energy consumption, environmental pollution and the cost of production in the fields.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Energy consumption and application of agricultural inputs have a significant effect on the economy and the environmental consevation. This study examines the energy efficiency
  • GHGs emissions and production costs of sorghum production systems in the Sistan. Data were collected from 85 sorghum farms using face to face questionnaires in 2014. Results indicated that the total energy input was 37
  • 695.1 MJ.ha-1
  • and the most important energy inputs belonged to electricity
  • followed by chemical fertilizers and diesel fuel. The share of direct
  • indirect
  • renewable and non-renewable forms in sorghum production were 79%
  • 21%
  • 22% and 78
  • respectively. Also
  • energy use efficiency was 7.3. Electricity with a production of 2981.3 kg CO2-eq.ha-1 played the most important role on the total GHGs emission of 3746.7 kg CO2-eq.ha-1 and it was followed by manure and diesel fuel. Economic analysis indicated that t
  • respectively. Energy use efficiency was 13.4
  • while the benefit-to-cost ratio was 1.3. Energy management is a key factor for reduction of energy consumption
  • environmental pollution and the cost of production in the fields. Keywords: Energy Consumption
  • GHGs Emissions
  • Global Warming
  • Environmental Pollution
  • Sistan

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 27، شماره 3
مهر 1396
صفحه 33-43

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