بررسی اثرات تراکم بر عملکرد سوخ پیاز در کشت خالص و کشت های مخلوط پیاز خوراکی و شنبلیله

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تأثیر کشت مخلوط بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد پیاز و شنبلیله، آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی جنوب کرمان به اجرا در آمد. فاکتور اول فاصله کاشت پیاز خوراکی در تراکم های 20، 25 و 30 بوته در متر مربع و فاکتور دوم کاشت شنبلیله در تراکم های 12، 15 و 25 بوته در متر مربع همراه با تک کشتی های دو گونه در فواصل کشت مذکور بود. زمان برداشت تعداد  و طول گیاه، وزن تر و خشک بوته ، قطر سوخ، وزن تر و خشک سوخ ، عملکرد، نسبت برابری زمین و مجموع ارزش نسبی اندازه گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین عملکرد پیاز خوراکی (2/43  تن در هکتار) در کشت مخلوط در تراکم 30 بوته در متر مربع مشاهده شد. در کشت مخلوط افزایشی تعداد برگ، طول گیاه و وزن تر و خشک بوته پیاز  با کاهش تراکم بوته از 30 به 20 بوته در متر مربع افزایش یافتند. همچنین بیشترین وزن تر و خشک سوخ پیاز به ترتیب 64/11 و 2/167 گرم از تراکم کاشت مخلوط 25 بوته در متر مربع شنبلیله بدست آمد. در پیاز  کشت مخلوط شنبلیله باعث افزایش تعداد برگ،  طول گیاه و وزن تر و خشک بوته پیاز گردید. اگر چه کشت مخلوط شنبلیله با پیاز بر عملکرد در مقایسه با کشت های خالص تاثیر معنی داری نداشت. بالاترین نسبت برابری زمین (65/1) و ارزش نسبی (70/1)  در کشت مخلوط به ترتیب در ترکیب های تیماری پیاز با تراکم 30 بوته، شنبلیله با تراکم 12 بوته در متر مربع و  پیاز با تراکم 30 بوته و شنبلیله با تراکم 25 بوته در متر مربع بدست آمدند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Density on Onion Yield in Mono-Cropping and Intercropping with Fenugreek

نویسندگان [English]

  • Tahereh Moghbeli 1
  • Sahebali Bolandnazar 1
  • Jaber Panahande 1
  • Yaegoob Raei 2
چکیده [English]

        In order to investigate the of effect intercropping on yield and yield components of onion (Allium cepa L.)  and fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.), a  factorial experiment was carried out based on completely randomized block design with three replications at the research field located in south of Kerman, Iran. The first factor was onion density (20- 25 and 30 plant.m-2) and the second factor was fenugreek plant density (12- 15 and 25 plant.m-2) and sole culture of plants with aforementioned densities were considered. After harvesting the number leaves and length of plants, fresh and dry weight, bulb diameter, fresh and dry weight of bulb, Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) and Relative Value Total (RVT) was measured. The results showed that the highest yield of onion (43.2 t.h-1) was obtained from 20 plant m-2. In intercropping treatment number of leaves, plant length, bulb fresh and dry weight was increased by decreasing plant density from 20 to 30 plant m-2. The  highest fresh and dry weigh of onion bulb (167.2 and 11.64 g) was  produced in 20  plant.m-2. Number leaf and length of the plant and fresh and dry weigh of onion was increased in intercropping. However intercropping fenugreek with onion had no significant effect on its yield in comparison with mono culture. The highest Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) (1.65) and Relative Value Total (RVT) (1.72 (was recorded  in 30 plant.m-2 onion and 12 plant.m-2 fenugreek and 30 plant.m-2 onion and 25 plant.m-2 fenugreek combination culture respectively.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Onion
  • Fenugreek
  • Intercropping
  • Yield
  • Land Equivalent Ratio (LER)
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