بررسی صفات رشدی و عملکرد دانه جو (Hordeum vulgare L.) با کاربرد کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی در کشت دیم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
      به منظور ارزیابی اثر کود های زیستی و شیمیایی بر عملکرد و برخی صفات ریخت شناسی جو محلی بهاره (آق آرپا) در کشت دیم، آزمایشی در سال 1392 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. فاکتور اول سطوح کود شیمیایی شامل عدم مصرف کود (شاهد)، 60 کیلو گرم کود نیتروژنی (100% کود توصیه ای)، 30 کیلوگرم کود نیتروژنی (50% کود توصیه­ای) ، 50 کیلو گرم کود فسفره (100% کود توصیه ای) و25 کیلو گرم کود فسفره (50% کود توصیه ای) و فاکتور دوم کود زیستی شامل فسفات بارور 2 و ازتوبارور1 و شاهد بود. بیشترین درصد پوشش سبز و محتوای کلروفیل برگ در تیمار تلفیقی کود زیستی بارور 1 به همراه 100 درصد کود شیمیایی اوره مشاهده شد. بالاترین ارتفاع بوته و شاخص برداشت از تیمار تلفیقی کود زیستی بارور 1 و 2 به همراه 100 درصد کود شیمیایی اوره بدست آمد. در ترکیب های تیماری بالاترین عملکر بیولوژیکی در تیمار بارور 1 به همراه 60 کیلوگرم اوره و بالاترین عملکرد دانه در تیمار بارور 2 به همراه 60 کیلوگرم اوره به میزان 170 گرم بر متر مربع بود. در حالت کلی، هرچند کاربرد کود شیمیایی می تواند بر عملکرد و برخی صفات مرفولوژیک جو دیم اثر مثبت و معنی داری داشته باشد، ولی چنانچه کودهای زیستی به صورت مخلوط با مقادیر کم کودهای شیمیایی مصرف شوند در دراز مدت می توانند اثرات مثبتی در بهبود عملکرد جو و سلامتی انسان داشته باشند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of Growth Attributes and Yield of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) with Application of Biological and Chemical Fertilizers in Dry Land Farming

نویسندگان [English]

  • Yaegoob Raei 1
  • Mohamad Reza Shakiba 1
  • Mehdi Nouri 1
  • Mohammad Reza Saeidi 2
چکیده [English]

Abstract
       In order to evaluate the effects of biological and chemical fertilizers on yield and some morphological traits of local varieties of barley in dry land farming, an experiment was carried out as factorial experiment on the basis of randomized complete block design with three replications in 2013 at Agricultural Research Station of University of Tabriz. Chemical fertilizer levels included control (without any fertilizer), 60 kg urea (100% recommended), 30 kg urea (50% recommended), 50 kg super phosphate (100% recommended) and 25 kg triple super phosphate (50% recommended) and bio-fertilizers consisted of phosphate barvar-2 and azotobarvar-1 and control. Results indicated that the highest percentage of ground cover and chlorophyll index were observed at integrated application of 100% chemical fertilizers and azotobarvar-1. Also, maximum plant height and harvest index were achieved from integrated application of 100% chemical fertilizers with azotobarvar-1+ phosphate barvar-2. Among treatments combination, the highest biological yield was obtained in azotobarvar-1 along with 60 kg urea and the highest grain yield was achieved in phosphate barvar-2 with 60 kg urea with value of 170 grams per square meter. Generally, chemical fertilizer application could be resulted in the positive and significant effect on yield and some morphological traits, but, integrated usage of reduced amounts of chemical fertilizers such as urea with bio fertilizers, can have positive effects in improving yield of barley and human healthy.   
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Azotobarvar-1
  • Barley
  • Dry Land Farming
  • Grain Yield
  • Phosphate Barvar-2
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