ارزیابی ژنوتیپ‌های سیب‌زمینی حاصل از پرتوتابی با اشعه گاما تحت تنش محدودیت ‌آبی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیات علمی بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل (مغان)، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اردبیل، ایران،

2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح‌نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
این پژوهش به منظور ایجاد تنوع ژنتیکی از طریق پرتوتابی با اشعه گاما در ارقام سیب­زمینی برای تحمل به تنش محدودیت آبی در شرایط درون­شیشه­ای در پژوهشکده تحقیقات کشاورزی هسته­ای کرج و آزمایشگاه شرکت فناوری زرع­گستر آرتا در طی سال­های 1395 و 1396 انجام شد. از هر کدام از ارقام جلی، اسپیریت، بانبا، میلوا و آگریا به تعداد 3000 گیاهچه تکثیر و با اشعه گاما در دز 25 گری مورد پرتوتابی قرار گرفتند. پس از بررسی تعداد 2517 ژنوتیپ زنده ماندند. آزمایش اول به صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملا تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد که در آن فاکتور اول ژنوتیپ­های سیب­زمینی به تعداد 2517 ژنوتیپ و فاکتور دوم چهار غلظت پلی­اتیلن­گلیکول شامل  صفر، 150، 220 و 275 گرم در لیتر بودند. پس از بررسی در شرایط نرمال و تنش محدودیت آبی، تعداد 66 ژنوتیپ انتخاب شد. در آزمایش دوم تعداد 66 ژنوتیپ انتخابی به همراه 5 رقم شاهد جمعا 71 ژنوتیپ براساس طرح آزمایشی فاکتوریل بر پایه کاملا تصادفی در سه تکرار که در آن فاکتور اول 71 ژنوتیپ و فاکتور دوم غلظت­های پلی­اتیلن­گلیکول شامل شاهد (صفر گرم در لیتر) ، ملایم (150 گرم در لیتر)، شدید (220 گرم در لیتر) و خیلی شدید (275 گرم در لیتر) از لحاظ صفات ارتفاع گیاهچه، تعداد برگ در گیاهچه، تعداد ریشه در گیاهچه، تعداد گره در گیاهچه، فاصله میانگره­ها، تعداد و وزن میکروتیوبر در هر گیاهچه و متوسط وزن میکروتیوبر مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. ژنوتیپ Esprit-G8 در شرایط نرمال و تنش ملایم و ژنوتیپ Milva-G3 در شرایط تنش شدید دارای بیشترین وزن میکروتیوبر در گیاهچه بودند. در شرایط نرمال ژنوتیپ Esprit-G8؛ در شرایط تنش ملایم و شدید ژنوتیپ­های Milva-G1، Milva-G3،Banba-G5 ، Banba-G6، Banba-G7،Banba-G9  و Esprit-G8 از بیشترین تعداد برگ، گره و میکروتیوبر در گیاهچه برخوردار بودند و به عنوان ژنوتیپ­های متحمل به تنش محدودیت ­آبی انتخاب شدند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Radiated Potato Genotypes with Gamma Rays in water Deficit Stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • David Hassanpanah 1
  • Rasool Asghari Zakaria 2
چکیده [English]

Abstract
This research was conducted in order to induction of genetic diversity through radiation with gamma rays in potato cultivars for tolerance to deficit water stress under in vitro condition in Karaj Nuclear Agricultural Research Institute and Laboratory of Zar-Gostar-Arta Technology Company, during 2016 and 2017. From each cultivar of Jeli, Esprit, Banba, Milva and Agria, 3000 plantlets reproduced and were irradiated with 25 Gary of gamma rays. After evaluation, 2517 genotypes were survived. The first experiment was factorial based on completely randomized design with three replications. The first factor was potato genotypes and the second factor consisted of four concentrations of poly-ethylene-glycol including 0, 150, 220 and 275 g.l-1. After evaluation under normal and water deficit stress, 66 genotypes were selected. In second experiment 66 selected genotypes and 5 cultivars as control totally 71 genotypes were conducted based on factorial design based on completely randomized design with three replications. The first factor was 71 potato genotypes and the second factor consisted of four concentrations of poly-ethylene-glycol including normal (0 g.l-1), mild (150 g.l-1), severe (220 g.l-1) and very severe (275 g.l-1) and were investigated in terms of plant height, leaf number per plantlet, root number per plantlet, node number per plantlet, internode length, micro-tuber number and weight per plantlet and micro-tuber average weight. The Esprit-G8 genotype under normal and mild condition and Milva-G3 genotype under severe condition had the highest micro-tuber weight per plantlet. In normal condition, Esprit-G8 genotype and under mild and severe conditions, Milva-G1, Milva-G3, Banba-G5, Banba-G6, Banba-G7, Banba-G9 and Esprit-G8 genotypes had the highest in terms of leaf, node and micro-tuber number per plantlet and were selected as tolerant genotypes to deficit water stress.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Genetic Diversity
  • Microtuber
  • Potato
  • Poly-Ethylene-Glycol (PEG)
  • Water deficit stress
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