کاهش مصرف آب در گلخانه با کاربرد مواد افزودنی طبیعی و مصنوعی در خاک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اردکان

2 دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه یزد

چکیده

کمبود آب به عنوان یکی از چالش‌های مهم جهانی بویژه در مناطق خشک و بیابانی، از عوامل مهم و محدود کننده جهت توسعه پایدار می باشد. بنابراین شناسایی و ارایه راهکارهایی که  موجب صرفه جویی در مصرف و افزایش کارآیی مصرف آب بویژه در حوزه کشاورزی و حفظ منابع طبیعی شود اهمیتی حیاتی دارد. این تحقیق با هدف بررسی امکان کاهش مصرف آب در گلخانه های شهرستان یزد ( از شهرهای خشک ایران با متوسط بارش 60 میلی در سال) با استفاده از مواد افزدونی مختلف به خاک انجام شد. آزمایش بصورت اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار انجام شد. فاکتور اصلی دور آبیاری با سه سطح 4، 8 و 12 روز و فاکتور فرعی نوع ماده افزودنی با 4 سطح شاهد، سوپرجاذب،پوشش پلاستیک وضایعات پنبه در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد رشد رویشی و زایشی و عملکرد خیار در دورهای مختلف آبیاری و تیمارهای مختلف مواد افزودنی به خاک از نظر آماری اختلاف معنی داری با یکدیگر دارند، بطوریکه بکارگیری ضایعات پنبه در دور آبیاری 8 روز باعث افزایش عملکرد محصول به میزان 31 درصد در مقایسه با شاهد شد.  حداکثر رشد و عملکرد در تیمار ضایعات پنبه و دور آبیاری چهار روز مشاهده شد که با تیمار 8 روز اختلاف معنی دار نداشت. بطور کلی بر اساس نتایج، ضایعات پنبه به عنوان یک ماده افزدونی مناسب به خاک جهت کاهش مصرف آب و پایداری در تولید محصولات گلخانه ای در مناطق خشک میتواند مورد توجه باشد.  
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Reduction of Water Consumption in Greenhouses with Application of Natural and Artificial Soil Amendments

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Reza Khavaninzadeh 1
  • Hamid Sodaei Zadeh 2
  • Mohammad Akhavan Ghalibaf 2
چکیده [English]

Water scarcity is one of the most important challenges for development and sustainable agriculture in the world especially in desert area. Thus finding and advising the methods in order to increasing water use efficiency in order to sustainable development and agriculture as well as nature conservation is a vital need. This study was conducted to investigate of decreasing water consumption in greenhouse of Yazd city (in central of Iran with annual precipitation equal to 60 mm) by using different superabsorbent within soil. Experiment was designed in a split plot based on completely randomized block design with three replication. Irrigation periods (3 periods including 4, 8 and 12 interval days) were considered as main factor while additive soil including hydrogel, plastic cover and cotton waste materials were sub. factor. Results indicated waste cotton is the best soil amendment among others and increasing irrigation period from 4 to 8 days is possible without significant reduction of the fruit production in condition of study area. Results indicated 31% increasing of production in 8 days irrigation by using of cotton waste compared to the control.  Thus, using of cotton waste as sustainable production in greenhouse systems should be attended  in arid regions.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cucumber
  • Greenhouse
  • irrigation
  • Super Absorbent
  • Cotton Waste

مراجع

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دانش کشاورزی وتولید پایدار
دوره 28، شماره 2
مرداد 1397
صفحه 217-229

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