شناسایی نشانگرهای پایداری زیست‌محیطی کشاورزی خانوادگی کوچک-‌مقیاس با استفاده از روش دلفی فازی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه ترویج و توسعه روستائی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 گروه مدیریت و توسعه روستائی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

چکیده
رویکرد کشاورزی پایدار معطوف به ایجاد و تقویت ویژگی­های پایداری در نظام­های بهره­برداری کشاورزی است. نخستین گام حرکت به سوی پایداری نظام­های بهره­برداری کشاورزی، پرداختن به مسائل زیست­محیطی آن­ها است. با توجه به تعدد واحدهای بهره­برداری کشاورزی خانوادگی کوچک­-مقیاس در بخش کشاورزی ایران، شناسایی و حل مسائل پایداری این نظام ضرورتی برای پایداری بخش کشاورزی و جامعه­ روستایی کشور به­شمار می­رود. بنابراین شناسایی و بهره­گیری از نشانگرهایی که برای سنجش پایداری نظام بهره­برداری کشاورزی خانوادگی کوچک­-مقیاس مناسب باشند، ضروری بنظر می رسد که هدف این تحقیق می‌باشد. این تحقیق از نوع تحلیلی -اکتشافی است که در آن از مطالعات اسنادی و از روش تحلیل دلفی فازی استفاده شد. جامعه­ آماری تحقیق متخصصان دانشگاه، مؤسسات تحقیقات و دستگاه­های اجرایی بودند که  15 نفر از آن­ها با روش نمونه­گیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند. ابزار تحقیق، پرسشنامه­­ نیمه­ساختارمند برای بخش کیفی تحقیق و پرسشنامه­ ساختارمند با سوالات بسته  پاسخ در قالب طیف لیکرت پنج گزینه­ای برای دورهای دوم و سوم تحلیل دلفی و فازی سازی داده‌ها ( بخش کمی تحقیق) بود. بر اساس نتایج تحقیق، از میان 76 نشانگر مستخرج از مطالعات اسنادی و پیشنهادی پانل متخصصان در بخش کیفی تحقیق، تعداد 28 نشانگر در قالب 10 مقوله شامل: اقلیم، منابع ارضی، منابع آب، استفاده از آب، نظام کشت، کاربرد نهاده­های زراعی، کاربرد فناوری نوین، مدیریت بقایای محصول، ازدست­دادن و تخریب منابع و وقوع بلایای طبیعی برای سنجش پایداری زیست­محیطی کشاورزی خانوادگی کوچک­-مقیاس ایران شناسائی شدند .    
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification of Environmental Sustainability Indicators of Small-scale Family Farming Using the Fuzzy Delphi Method

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mokhtar Bahadori 1
  • Shapour Zarifian 1
  • Hossein Kohestani 1
  • Khalil Kalantari 2
چکیده [English]

Abstract
      Sustainable agriculture approach focuses on creating and strengthening sustainability characteristics in agricultural farming systems. The first step in trying to sustainable farming systems is to consider their environmental issues. There are the large number of small-scale family farming systems in Iran's agricultural sector. Identifying and solving the sustainability problems of these systems is considered a necessity for the sustainability of agricultural sector in the country. Identification and application of indicators that can be used to measure the sustainability of small-scale family farming systems is the objective of research. In this analytical - exploratory research, Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) was used. The statistical population consisted of experts from universities, research institutes and executive agencies, of which 15 were selected by purposeful sampling. The research tool was a semi-structured questionnaire in the first qualitative round and a structured questionnaire in the second and third rounds of Fuzzy Delphi Method (quantitative sector). Based on the results, 76 indicators were selected from documentary studies and proposed panel of specialists, 28 indicators in the form of 10 categories including : climate, land resources, water resources, water use, culture system, application of crop inputs, application of new technology, management of product remnants, loss and destruction of resources, and the occurrence of natural disasters were introduced to measure the environmental sustainability of Iran's small-scale family agriculture.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Environmental Sustainability
  • Family Farming
  • Farming System
  • Fuzzy Delphi Method
  • Indicators
  • Resources
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