پاسخ اکوفیزیولوژیکی گیاهان میکوریزایی بالنگوی شهری ( Lallemantia iberica ) به سطوح مختلف آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 گروه زراعت، دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

چکیده                                                                                   
        به منظور بررسی اثر میکوریزا بر ویژگی­های فیزیولوژیکی و عملکرد گیاه دارویی بالنگوی شهری تحت رژیم­های متفاوت آبیاری ، یک آزمایش دو ساله در طی سال­های1393 و 1394به صورت اسپلیت پلات با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی هنرستان کشاورزی شهید بهشتی ارومیه اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل رژیم­های آبیاری پس از 40، 80، 120 و 160 میلی­متر تبخیر از تشتک تبخیر کلاس A در کرت­های اصلی و  میکوریزا (Glomus intraradices،
 G.  verruciform  و شاهد) در کرت­های فرعی قرار گرفتند. تاثیر آبیاری و میکوریزا بر کلروفیل a، b و کل و کارتنوئید برگ، سوپر اکسید دیسموتاز و مالون دی­آلدئید معنی­دار نبود. بیشترین میزان قند محلول (7/110 میکرومول در گرم وزن تر) و عملکرد اسانس (258/2 کیلوگرم در هکتار)  به­ترتیب  از رژیم­های آبیاری 120 و 80 میلی­متر تبخیر به­دست آمدند. بیشترین تعداد نیام (34/19 در بوته)، وزن هزار دانه (081/3 گرم) و عملکرد دانه (7/589 کیلوگرم در هکتار) مربوط به گیاهان تلقیح شده با گونه اینترارادیسس بود. بیشترین تعداد گره ( 5/12 گره در بوته) و قطر ساقه (16/1 میلی­متر) از گیاهان میکوریزایی (G. intraradicess) در تیمارآبیاری پس از 80 میلی­متر تبخیر مشاهده شد. بیشترین شاخص برداشت (84/26 درصد) و بتائین گلایسین (51 میکرومول در گرم وزن­تر) از گیاهان میکوریزایی (G.  verruciform  ) به­ترتیب در سطوح آبیاری 80 و 160 میلی­متر تبخیر به­دست آمد.به­طور کلی آبیاری پس از 80 میلی­متر تبخیر از تشتک تبخیر به­دلیل مصرف آب کمتر و عملکرد بالاتر در گیاهان بالنگوی شهری میکوریزایی توصیه می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Ecophysiological Response of Mycorrhizal Dragon's Head plants to Irrigation Levels

نویسندگان [English]

  • Vahid Ghasemian 1
  • Jalil Shafagh Kalvanagh 1
  • Alireza Pirzad 2
چکیده [English]

Abstract
         In order to evaluate the effect of mycorrhizae on the physiological characteristics and yield of medicinal plant ‘Dragon’s head’ under different irrigation regimes, a 2-year (2014 and 2015) split plot experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Agricultural Research Field of Shahid Beheshti college of Urmia. Treatments were irrigation after 40, 80, 120 and 160 mm of evaporation from pan class A as main plots and mycorrhizae (Glomus intraradices, G. versiformisand control) as sub plots. The effects of irrigation and mycorrhizae on the leaf chlorophyll (a, b and total), carotenoid, superoxid dismutase and malon dialdehyde were not significant. The highest total soluble carbohydrates (110.7 µmol/g fresh weight) and yield of essential oil (2.258 kg.ha-1) were respectively obtained from irrigation after 120 and 80 mm of evaporation. The maximum number of pod per plant (19.34), 1000-seed weight (3.081 g) and seed yield (589.7 kg.ha-1) belonged to inoculated plants (G. intraradices). The greatest number of nod per pant (12.5) and stem diameter (1.16 mm) were obtained from mycorrhizal (G. intraradices) plants irrigated after 80 mm of evaporation. The highest harvest index (26.84 %) and betaine glycine (51 µmol/g fresh weight) were respectively observed in irrigation after 80 and 160 mm of evaporation in mycorrhizal plants (G. versiformis). In conclusion irrigation of for 80 mm of evaporation from pan class A due to lower water use and higher performance in mycorrhizal Dragon's head plants was recommended.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Glomus
  • Lallemantia iberica
  • Malon Dialdehyde
  • Photosynthetic Pigment
  • Superoxid Dismutase
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