اثر کود آلی و زیستی بر عملکرد و برخی خصوصیات کیفی بالنگوی شهری ) (Lallemantia iberica در شرایط دیم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

2 بخش تحقیقات جنگل و مرتع ، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان غربی، ارومیه

3 گروه گیاهان دارویی، مرکز آموزش عالی شهید باکری میاندوآب، دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

چکیده
به­منظور بررسی اثر کودهای زیستی، آلی و شیمیایی بر روی برخی صفات کیفی گیاه بالنگو در شرایط دیم، آزمایش مزرعه­ای در قالب طرح بلوک­های کاملا تصادفی در سال 94-1393 در استان آذربایجان­غربی- شهرستان نقده با سه تکرار و هشت تیمار انجام گرفت. تیمارهای کودی شامل ورمی­کمپوست (10 تن در هکتار)، کود زیستی (ازتو بارور-1 حاوی باکتریهای تثبیت کننده نیتروژن از جنس ازتو باکتر)، فسفاته بارور- 2 (باکتری­های حل کننده فسفات از جنس باسیلوسلنتوس و سودوموناسپوتیدا)، کود شیمیایی (نیتروژن و فسفر)، تلفیق ورمی­کمپوست+ کود زیستی، کود زیستی+ 50 درصد کود شیمیایی، 75 درصد ورمی­کمپوست+ 25 درصد کود شیمیایی ، 75 درصد ورمی­کمپوست+ کود زیستی+ 25 درصد کود شیمیایی و شاهد (بدون مصرف کود) بود. صفات مورد مطالعه در این آزمایش شامل ارتفاع بوته، تعداد شاخه­های فرعی، تعداد فندقه، وزن هزاردانه، عملکرد دانه، درصد اسانس، عملکرد اسانس، درصد موسیلاژ، عملکرد موسیلاژ و درصد پروتئین دانه بود. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد کودهای مصرفی منجر به افزایش معنی­دار اجزای عملکرد و عملکرد دانه و بهبود صفات کیفی بالنگو شد. تیمارهای ترکیبی کودها نسبت به تیمارهای  کودی خالص، بیشترین تاثیر را در افزایش صفات مورد مطالعه داشتند. بیشترین عملکرد دانه، محتوی اسانس، عملکرد موسیلاژ و درصد پروتئین دانه از تیمار ترکیبی سه گانه 75 درصد ورمی­کمپوست+ کود زیستی+25 درصد کود شیمایی به­دست آمد. بر اساس نتایج می­توان استنباط کرد که استفاده از روش تغذیه تلفیقی به ویژه تیمار ترکیبی سه گانه تحت شرایط دیم به­دلیل افزایش قابل ملاحظه عملکرد دانه، صفات کیفی بالنگو و کاهش مصرف کودهای شیمیایی در منطقه مورد آزمایش توصیه می­گردد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Organic and Biofertilizers on Yield and Some Qualitative Characteristics of the Dragon's Head (Lallemantia iberica) in Dryfarming Conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Esmaeil Rezaei-Chiyaneh 1
  • Shahin Faridvand 2
  • Reza Amirnia 1
  • Hassan Mahdavikia 3
  • Amir Rahimi 1
چکیده [English]

Abstract
        In order to evaluate the effects of biofertilizers, organic and chemical fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative yield of Dragon's Head (Lallemantia iberica) under dry farming, a field experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications and eight treatments at the farm located in West Azerbaijan province - Nagadeh, Iran during growing reason of 2015-2016. Treatments included application of Vermicompost (10 t.ha-1), biofertilizers , Azotobarvar1 (Azotobacter) and Barvar Phosphate-2 (the combination of Pseudomonas putida and Bacillus lentus), chemical fertilizer (N, P), Vermicompost+ biofertilizers, 50% chemical fertilizer+ biofertilizer, 75% Vermicompost + 25% chemical fertilizer, 75% Vermicompost + biofertilizers + 25% chemical fertilizer and control (Without any fertilizer). Different traits such as plant height, number of nut goal per plant, number seed per capitol, thousand seed weight, biological yield, seed yield, oil percentage and oil Yield, percentage of protein were recorded. The results showed that application of biofertilizers enhanced the seed yield, yield components and qualitative traits of balangu. Among treatments, combined usage of biofertilizers showed the greater increasing in studied traits than individual consumption. The highest seed yield, Essential oil content, mucilage yield and protein content were obtained from combined usage of biofertilizers (75% Vermicompost + biofertilizers + 25% chemical fertilizer). According to the results, it seems that integrated application especially triple combination under dry farming conditions had positive effects on seed yield, qualitative traits of Dragon's Head and reduction of chemical fertilizers in the recommended region.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biofertilizers
  • Essential Oil
  • Mucilage
  • Seed Protein
  • Vermicompost
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